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break ups

The loss of a relationship can be incredibly hard - you can feel so much pain. There's not only the grief from losing someone important in your life, but the pain of seeing your hopes and dreams of a future life together disappear as well. Sometimes this is the hardest part - having to totally readjust your view of how you saw your life unfolding in the next 5 to10 years. Suddenly, you can't see into the future and it's scary.

Feeling Like You're Starting Over

You may feel like you're starting over - that you've lost everything that was important to you and you're not sure what to do anymore. It may be hard for you to imagine your life without your partner - your lives have been so intertwined.

Let yourself know that you will get through this.

Having Difficulty Trusting Again

You may find yourself questioning who you can trust, including your own judgment since you may not have expected the break-up. You may wonder if you were wrong to have trusted your partner. You may begin to question how real your relationship was because if it was real how could it be over?

Your ability to trust may feel shaky. You probably trusted your partner, and expected your relationship to last. You may feel alone and abandoned, even if you're the one who decided to leave.

While it takes time, you can re-build trust in yourself and others again. Even though this relationship is over that doesn't mean that you were wrong to trust her/him, and even if you were that doesn't mean that you'll make that mistake again. You can learn from this.

Having an Identity Crisis

You may experience an identity crisis, not knowing who you are any more without your partner. Not necessarily because you didn't have your own identity while in the relationship, but that your relationship had become part of that identity.

This too will change and you will feel more secure in yourself again.

Feeling Triggered

Break-ups can hurt immensely and shake us to our very core. They can throw us right back to the feelings we had in our first relationships - the ones we had with our parents.

If as a child, your relationship with your parents were loving and supportive, you may find yourself wanting to be with them, even wanting to be a child again when it felt safer and easier.

If your relationship with your parents was difficult, lacking, or abusive you may feel some of the feelings that you felt with them (even if you weren't aware of them as a child.) You may feel as though you are drowning in grief and feelings of abandonment. If you feel as though you are being punished or that the break-up means that you are unloveable, or unworthy of love, you are probably triggered - those are messages, beliefs or feelings that usually originate in childhood.

At times of loss, it is very common for feelings, beliefs and memories from past hurts, traumas, and losses to come up. Not only are you dealing with the present loss, but your past losses as well. No wonder, it hurts so much! And, there are ways to cope with triggers.

How To Survive The Triggers

It is really important that you try to separate out which of your feelings, beliefs and responses belong to the present situation and which ones belong to the past. This is hard to do when you're feeling overwhelmed but it can also help you to feel less overwhelmed. Separating past and present feelings will help you to attach less of your pain to the break-up and can help you to feel more hopeful about getting over this break-up, because maybe you are not as upset about the break-up as you thought. You're still just as upset but it can be helpful to know that it's not all about the break up, that some is also coming from the past.

When you know that you are triggered (past feelings and issues are coming to the surface) you can find ways to comfort or reassure yourself, or to deal with those issues in other ways. The first step though is to separate the past from the present.

Ways of separating the past from the present include:

• Ask yourself where your feelings are coming from, and notice what you become aware of, including later on in the day.
• Notice whether your feelings are familiar to you - whether you've felt this way before - and if so remind yourself that some of your feelings are probably coming from the past.
• Spend time being aware of the past origins of your feelings if you know, and if that's not too overwhelming for you.
• Let yourself know that even if you don't know where all of your feelings are coming from, it's likely that some of how you are feeling is from the past.

Stages of Grief

You will get through this, even if it doesn't feel like that right now. Grief moves in stages - it has a beginning, middle, and an end phase. It might help to know where you are in the process.

In the beginning, you may feel in shock, denial, or numb. It may be hard for you to believe what has happened. It may be hard to make sense of it all. You may find yourself expecting to come home to your partner or for her/him to call at a regular time only to discover that's not the case any longer. It may take awhile for you to fully comprehend that the relationship is over.

During this phase many people operate as if the relationship is still on even as they grieve the loss. For example, even though you may be really upset, you may not have fully accepted that the relationship is over. Deep down you may be waiting for her/him to come back. (People do this even after a death, it's normal.) This period of disbelief or shock is the body's natural protection against pain.

You may try to get back together even when you know it's over. You may go over and over in your mind and with everyone you talk to what you think led to the break up or what might have made a difference and resulted in a different outcome. This is the “if only” stage - “if only I had...or, if only I hadn't...” we might still be together. If you are doing this, you are likely trying to make sense of what has happened, trying to understand and take it in, and trying to change it too. It's hard to take in that a break up is permanent. You'll need time to fully absorb this reality.

At this stage, you may have trouble remembering things, focusing, and feeling a sense of purpose or direction in their lives - you may feel as though you are drifting through the day. This is a natural initial reaction to loss.

The Second Stage of Grief

The second stage involves feeling fear, anger and depression. This stage often lasts the longest and can be filled with feelings of insecurity, panic, worry, crying, anger, and feelings of depression. Some people don't allow themselves to feel, while others have trouble letting go of how they are feeling. Both are essential - feeling and eventually letting go.

Some people worry that if they let themselves feel that they'll be overcome with emotion and never come out of it - they'll drown in their feelings and not be able to function. Others feel their feelings but can't seem to let go of them even after a lot of time has passed. Either way, it's important to give yourself permission to feel and at some point to let go so that you can move on.

In the beginning, you may think that you will always feel this way, but you won't. Your feelings will pass. You'll discover that the time between down periods increases. Too often with break-ups we don't feel that we have the right to feel upset much longer than a few weeks when the truth is it usually takes longer. I have found that grief tends to run a cycle of at least one year unless of course the relationship wasn't very important, was short-term, or you were grieving before you actually left her/him. But, if you spent a number of years together, and the person was important to you, even if you're the one doing the breaking up you can still be grieving for approximately one year. Of course with very long term relationships, it can take even longer to feel back on your feet but it is still possible to recover.

The Third Stage of Grief

This is the stage where you begin to accept that the relationship is over, and that you're going to be okay. You realize that you haven't thought about your ex-partner in awhile, and that without realizing it you are moving on. You've gained back some of your zest for life, and are beginning to see a future ahead of you.

Sometimes the process involves a little movement forward and a little back. This is okay and perfectly normal, after all you need to get used to your forward steps and occasionally may need the comfort of what you were feeling before. Try not to be hard on yourself, change is not a linear path. It's full of up's and down's. It's okay to feel good and then feel hurt and angry again, especially if you see her/him in the community or dating someone else.

In the acceptance stage, you've done a lot of thinking about the relationship and the break-up and you realize things that you hadn't before. You understand yourself better, and you aren't as angry or hurt. You find yourself laughing more, and feeling hopeful. You begin to notice that you're feeling better and that you are ready to trust again, or at least to try.

Try not to lose faith if you fall back into a funk - each time that you feel better will have an accumulative effect. Grief comes in waves - up and down.

Sometimes letting go just happens after you've let yourself grieve and rage and whatever else you need to do. Other times, people have to deliberately and consciously focus on letting go. It is tempting to hold on, and scary to let go. Saying to yourself that you are letting go of your ex-partner can be helpful. Interrupting yourself when you get stuck thinking or talking about her/him and redirecting your focus onto something else is all part of letting go.

Filling your life with activities that you enjoy - creative, playful, sociable, soulful activities - are all ways to nurture yourself back to health.

Breaking-up can feel unbearably hard and so permanent. Let yourself know that you won't always feel this way and in the meantime let yourself grieve your losses fully. You will feel stronger and lighter for having done so.

Survey asking girls how can guys make girl friends here are few replies....

well im a girl n MOST girls luv it wen a guys themselves evn though it doesn seem that way cuz u guys usually start cursin at tha most random stuff ....n try 2 b talkative n strike up any conversation bcuz sum girls wouldnt no wat 2 say...theyre nervous 2!! n espacially wen ur tha 1 hu asked HER OUT ...then u SHOULD no wat ur doin lol ok n u needa show her that ur loyal, not a cheater n show her just everythin u have in u...just dont talk bout any x'z


well what my boyfriend did ;
he came to me with a rose and said that "i was just showing the rose that their are fairies on earth too"
well it worked for him and we are having a relationship it might work for u too!!!!!!!!!



When you meet someone you're interested in, make eye contact, then, conversation, and ask her on a date! Do NOT get too comfortable, thinking she's your new therapist and then fall into the "friend" category. Treat her like an amazing woman you think she is and kiss her after. Call in 2 days instead of three. do NOT get too attached in the first 3 months. Stay intersting by having your own life, but care about her as well. Be sincere and charming. Sense of humor won't hurt either :) Good luck!

Forget talking. What women/girls really want, is someone who will listen to them and won't pressure them to behave in ways that they are uncomfortable with/be people that they aren't.

Introduce yourself by asking a question (like if you are in a class together, say "Do you find this class as frustrating as I do? I understand the material, but the teacher drives me bonkers."). Give them a chance to respond, and then extend your hand and say "Hi, my name is ___."

Then you've gotten your foot in the door. They know who you are, they know you are interested in what they have to say, you;ve been polite, and you've presented yourself in a non-threatening manner.

If they don't talk to you within a couple of more days, they might not like you, but they might also just be shy. Smile at them from time to time if they catch your eye, offer to help them when you can or ask if they might help you and thank them for their kindness--telling them that it's nice to meet someone pretty, intelligent, AND helpfull.

If you are in a close space together, don't stare or dominate them with your body, ask questions and listen to them talk about their lives. Be sympathetic and make light jokes about the situations and people they don't like. Say to them, "You know what? You're okay--in fact, I really like you. I'm not the best at making friends or talking to women, but you make me feel like I can be myself." (Women appreciate a man who is honest, who will communicate with them, and who values them above other women).

From then on, play it by ear.

exams over friendz

friends from tommorrow there will be no examination at all.....hehe hurray......

syllabus for while 3rd semester

ME-201 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS – I
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Understand the concept of simple stress and strain.
2. Understand different types of direct stresses and strains.
3. Understand stress- strain diagram. Hookes law, Poisson’s ratio. Young’s
Modulus of Elasticity.
4. Compute simple stresses and strains in bars of uniform and varying sections
subjected to axial loads.
5. Derive relationship between the Elastic Moduli.
6. Compute stresses and strains in compound bars subjected to axial loads and
temperature variations.
7. Compute combined stresses and strains at a point across any plane in a two
dimensional system.
8. Understand the concept of principal planes and principal stresses.
9. Apply graphical and analytical methods to compute principal stresses and strain
and locate principal planes.
10. Derive mathematically the Torsion Equation.
11. Apply the Torsion equation to compute torsional stresses in solid and hollow
shafts.
12. Compute principal stresses and maximum shear stresses in circular shafts
subjected to combined stresses.
13. Analyze stresses in close- coiled helical springs.
14. Analyze stresses in thin shells and spheres subjected to internal pressure.
15. Apply different formulae to analyze stresses in struts and columns subjected to
axial loads.
16. Compute bending moments and shear forces at different sections of determinate
beam structures subjected to different types of loading and sketch their
distribution graphically.
17. Derive mathematically the relationship between the rate of loading, shear force
and bending moment at any section of a beam.
18. Understand the theory of simple bending.
19. Apply the theory of simple bending to compute stresses in beams of
homogenous and composite sections of different shapes.
20. Derive relationship between moment slope and deflection.
21. Use the above relationship and other methods to calculate slope and deflection
in beams.
22. Compute stresses in determine trussed frames and roof trusses.
Detailed Contents
1. Simple stresses and strains : Concept of stress and strain; St. Vernants
principle, stress and strain diagram, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio,
stress at a point, stress and strains in bars subjected to axial loading. Modulus of
elasticity, stress produced in compound bars subject to axial loading.Temperature
stress and strain calculations due to applications of axial loads and variation of
temperature in single and compound bars. Compound stress and strains, the two
dimensional system; stress at a point on a plane, principal stresses and principal
planes; Mohr’s circle of stress; ellipse of stress and their applications. Generalized
Hook's Law, principal stresses related to principal strains
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
2. Bending moment and shear force diagrams: S.F and B.M definitions. BM and
SF diagrams for cantilevers, simply supported beams with or without overhangs and
calculation of maximum BM and SF and the point of contraflexure under the
following loads:
a) Concentrated loads
b) Uniformity distributed loads over the whole span or part of span
c) Combination of concentrated loads (two or three) and uniformly distributed loads
d) Uniformity varying loads
e) Application of moments
Relation between rate of loading, shear force and bending moment
3. Theory of bending stresses in beams due to bending: assumptions in the
simple bending theory, derivation of formula: its application to beams of rectangular,
circular and channel, I & T- sections,: Combined direct and bending stresses in
aforementioned sections, composite / flitched beams.
4. Torsion : Derivation of torsion equation and its assumptions. Applications of the
equation to the hollow and solid circular shafts, torsional rigidity, combined torsion
and bending of circular shafts principal stress and maximum shear stresses under
combined loading of bending and torsion, analysis of close-coiled-helical springs.
5. Thin cylinders and spheres : Derivation of formulae and calculation of hoop
stress, longitudinal stress in a cylinder, effects of joints, change in diameter, length
and internal volume; principal stresses in sphere and change in diameter and internal
volume
6. Columns and struts : Columns and failure of columns : Euler’s formuls; Rankine-
Gordon’s formula, Johnson’s empirical formula for axially loaded columns and their
applications.
7. Slope and deflection : Relationship between moment, slope and deflection,
Moment area method; method of integration; Macaulay’s method: Use of all these
methods to calculate slope and deflection for the following :
a) Cantilevers
b) Simply supported beams with or without overhang
c) Under concentrated loads, uniformly distributed loads or combination of
concentrated and uniformly distributed loads
Books
1. Strength of Materials by Ferdinand P Singer and Andrew Pytel,Harper and Row H.
Kogakusha Publishers, New York
2. Mechanics of Materials by SI Version, end edition by Ferdinand P. Beer and E
Russel Johnston (Jr); McGraw Hill, India
3. Mechanics of Materials-SI Version 2nd Edition by EP Popov, Prentice Hall India
4. Introduction to Solid Mechanics by D.H Shames, Prentice Hall Inc.
5. Elements of strength of Materials by Timoshenko and Young
6. Strength of Materials by DS Bedi; Khanna book Publishing Company, New Delhi.
7. Strength of materials by R.S Lehri and A.S. Lehri, S.K Kataria and Sons.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-211 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. To perform tensile test in ductile and brittle materials and to draw stress-strain
curve and to determine various mechanical properties.
2. To perform compression test on C.I. and to determine ultimate compressive
strength.
3. To perform shear test on different materials and determine ultimate shear
strength.
4. To perform any one hardness test (Rockwell, Brinell & Vicker’s test) and
determine hardness of materials.
5. To perform impact test to determine impact strength.
6. To perform torsion test and to determine various mechanical properties.
7. Study of performance of Fatigue & Creep tests
8. To perform bending test on beam (wooden or any other material) and to
determine the Young's modulus and Modulus of rupture
9. To perform Torsion test and close coiled helical spring in tension and compression
and to determine modulus of rigidity/stiffness
10. Determination of Bucking loads of long columns with different end conditions.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-203 THEORY OF MACHINES-I
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Understand the basic concepts of machines and mechanisms.
2. Understand/ compute the velocity and acceleration diagrams of all basic
mechanisms.
3. Draw velocity and acceleration diagrams of basic link mechanism.
4. Understand turning moment and crank effort diagram.
5. Understand the types of lower pairs.
6. Understand the types of cam & follower.
7. Understand the types of drives such as: belts, ropes and chains.
8. Derive the relationship between tension on tight and slack sides of belts and HP
transmitted by the belt.
9. Understand different types of brakes and dynamometers.
10. Applied different formulae to compute problems on brakes.
11. Understand the functions, types and characteristics of governors.
12. Apply the theory of governors to solve numerical problems.
Detailed Contents
1. Basic Concept of machines: link mechanism kinematic pair and chain, principles
of inversion, inversion of a four bar chain, slider-crank-chain, double slider-crankchain
and their inversions, kinematic pairs, Graphical (relative velocity vector and
instantaneous center methods) and Analytical methods for finding: Displacement,
velocity, and acceleration of mechanisms (including Corliolis components).
2. Lower Pairs: Universal joint, calculation of maximum torque, steering
mechanisms including Ackerman and Davis approximate steering mechanism,
engine indicator, Pentograph, Straight line mechanisms
3. Belts, Ropes and Chains : Material, types of drives, idle pulley, intermediate or
counter shaft pulley, angle and right angle drive, quarter turn drive, velocity ratio,
crowning shaft pulley, loose and fast pulley, stepped or cone pulleys, ratio of tension
on tight and slack sided of belts, HP transmitted by belts including consideration of
creep and slip, centrifugal tensions and its effect on HP transmitted. Use of gravity,
idle, flat, V-belts and rope materials. Length of belt, rope and chain drives, type and
cone type.
4. Cams: Types of cams and follower, definitions of terms connected with cams,
displacement velocity and acceleration diagrams for cam followers. Analytical and
Graphical design of cam profiles with various motions (SHM, uniform acceleration
and retardation, cycloidal). Analysis of follower motion for circular convex, tangent
cam profiles. Calculation of pressure angle.
5. Friction Devices: Concepts of frictions and wear related to bearing and clutches.
Types of brakes, principle of function of brakes of various types. Braking of front
and rear tyres of a vehicle, Problems to determine braking capacity, Types of
dynamometers,(absorption, transmission).
6. Flywheels: Turning moment and crank effort diagrams for reciprocating machines
Fluctuations of speed, coefficient of fluctuation of speed and energy, Determination
of flywheel mass and dimensions for engines and Punching Machines
7. Governors : Function, types and characteristics of governors, Watt, Porter and
Proell governor. Hartnell and Willson-Hartnell, spring loaded governors. Simple
numerical problems on these governors. Sensitivity, stability, isochronisms and
hunting of governors. Governor effort and power controlling force curve, effect of
sleeve friction.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Books
1. Jagdish Lal, Theory of Mechanisms & Machines, Metropolitan Book Co. Pvt.
Ltd, New Delhi.
2. S. S. Rattan, Theory of Machines, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
3. Thomas Beven, Theory of Machines, Longman’s Green & Co., London
4. W. G. Green, Theory of Machines, Blackie & Sons, London
5. Shigley , Theory of Machines, Mcgraw Hill , New York
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-205 ENGINEERING MATERIALS & METALLURGY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Syllabus
1. Atomic structure of metals crystal structure, crystal lattice of (i) Body centered
cubic (ii) face centered cubic (iii) closed packed hexagonal, crystallographic
notation of atomic planes, polymorphism and allotropy, solidification of
crystallization (i) nuclear formation (crystal growth) (ii) crystal imperfection
Elementary treatment of theories of plastic deformation, phenomenon of slip
twinning, dislocation, identification of crystallographic possible slip planes and
direction in FCC, BCC, C.P., recovery, re-crystallization, preferred orientation
causes and effects on the property of metals.
2. Introduction to Engineering materials, their mechanical behaviour, testing and
manufacturing properties of materials, physical properties of materials,
classification of engineering materials.
3. General principles of phase transformation in alloys, phase rule and equilibrium
diagrams, Equilibrium diagrams of Binary system in which the componenets form
a mechanical mixture of crystals in the solid state and are completely mutually
soluble in both liquid state. Equilibrium diagrams of a systems whose
components have complete mutual solubility in the liquid state and limited
solubility in the solid state in which the solid state solubility deceases with
temperature. Equilibrium diagram of alloys whose components have complete
mutual solubility in the liquid state and limited solubility in solid state(Alloy with a
peritectic transformation) Equilibrium diagrams of a system whose components
are subject to allotropic change. Iron carbon equilibrium diagram. Phase
transformation in the iron carbon diagram (i) Formation of Austenite (ii)
Transformation of austenite into pearlite (iii) Martensite transformation in steel,
time temperature transformation curves.
4. Principles and applications of heat treatment processes viz. annealing,
normalizing hardening, tempering; harden ability & its measurement, surface
hardening processes. Defects in heat treatment and their remedies; effects
produced by alloying elements (Si, Mn. Ni. Cr. Mo. Wc. Al) on the structures and
properties of steel. Composition of alloy steels.
BOOKS
1. Engg. Physical Metallurgy Y. Lakhin, Mir Publishers
2. Heat treatment of metals B. Zakharv
3. Engineering Metallurgy V. Raghavan
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-213 ENGINEERING MATERIALS & METALLURGY LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Study of different Engineering materials and their mechanical properties.
2. To study the microstructures of the following materials
i) Hypo Eutectoid & Hyper Eutectoid steels.
ii) Hypoeutectic cast iron and hyper eutectic cast iron.
iii) Grey and white cast iron
iv) Non – ferrous metals i.e. Al. Mg. Cu. Ni. Son. And their alloys.
3. Study of iron carbon diagram and its engineering applications.
4. Annealing of steel, effect of annealing temperatures and time on hardness.
5. Study of microstructure and hardness of steel at different rates of cooling.
6. Hardening of steel, effect of quenching minimum and agitation of the medium on
hardness.
7. Effect of carbon percentage on the hardness of steel.
8. Harden ability test by Jominy’s End quench test.
9. Normalizing tempering of steel components.
10. To study the case hardening processes i.e. carburizing, Nitriding, cyaninding etc.
11. To study and construct the T-T- T diagram for steels.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-207 MACHINE DRAWING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 1 0 6
Total Marks: 100
Examination Hours: 04
Course Objectives
1. Understand the principles and requirements of production drawings.
2. Understand the various symbols used in drawing.
3. Assemble and disassemble the following manually and using computer aided
drafting :-
a) Various types of couplings
b) Pipe fittings
c) Boiler mountings
d) Types of bearings
e) Few machine tool parts
f) Screw jack and drill press vice
4. Use bill of materials in each of the above drawings.
5. Record the surface finish of the parts and reason as well as interpretation of
drawing.
Detailed Contents
1. Principles of drawing, requirements of production drawing, , sectioning and
conventional representation, dimensioning, symbols of standard tolerances,
machining symbols, Introduction and familiarization of the code IS:296.
2. FASTENERS : Various types of screw threads, types of nuts and bolts, screwed
fasteners, welding joints and riveted joints
3. Assembly and Dis-assembly of the following manually and using computer aided
drafting.
a) Couplings: Solid or rigid Coupling, Protected type flange coupling, Pin type
flexible coupling, muff coupling, Oldham, universal coupling, claw coupling, cone
friction clutch, free hand sketch of single plate friction clutch.
b) Knuckle and cotter joints
c) Pipe and Pipe fittings: flanged joints, spigot an socket joint, union joint, hydraulic
an expansion joint
d) IC Engine Parts : Piston, connecting rod
e) Boiler Mountings : steam stop valve, feed check valve, safety valve, blow off
cock.
f) Bearings : swivel bearing, thrust bearing, plummer block, angular plumber block
g) Miscellaneous : Screw Jack, Drill Press Vice, Crane hook.
4. Drafting of simple mechanical components on computer.
NOTE :
Drawing Practice is to be done as per IS:296 code.
First angle projection to be used. Drawings should contain bill of materials and
should
illustrate finish. The syllabus given above indicates the broad outlines and the scope
of the subject to be covered. It is not necessary to cover all the drawing exercises of
the types of machine tools mentioned above.
Books
1. Text-book of Machine Drawing by V Lakshmi Narayanan and Mathur
2. Machine Drawing by PS Gill, BD Kataria and Sons, Ludhiana
3. Machine Drawing by ND Bhatt, Charotar publications
4. Machine Drawing by N Sidheshwar, Tata McGraw Hill
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-209 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS-I
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 4 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Understand the types of steam generators, boiler mountings and accessories.
2. Compute boiler performance.
3. Understand the theory of Rankine cycle.
4. Apply the theory of Rankine cycle to solve numerical problems.
5. Understand various types of nozzles and their utility.
6. Derive the formulae for critical pressure and discharge and nozzle efficiency.
7. Apply the above formulae to solve simple numerical problems.
8. Understand the constructional details of impulse steam turbine.
9. Understand the theory of impulses turbine.
10. Compute impulse turbine performance using above theory.
11. Understand the working of rejection turbine.
12. Derive blade efficiency and calculate blade height.
13. Understand methods of attachment of blades to turbine rotor.
14. Understand the losses, labyrinth packing and governing of steam turbines.
15. Understand the functions, constructional details of various types of condensers.
16. Apply Dalton’s law to solve numerical problems.
17. Compute condenser performance parameters.
18. Understand effect of air leakage and its prevention in condensers.
19. Understand the use of compressed air and types of air compressors.
20. Study the operation of single and multi stage reciprocating compressors and
compute their performance parameters.
Detailed Contents
1. Combustion: Combustion problems in boiler and IC Engines, Stoichimetric (or
Chemically) air fuel ratio, analysis of products of combustion, conversion of
volumetric analysis into gravimetric analysis and vise-versa, actual weight of air
supplied, use of mols. For solution of combustion problems.
2. Properties of Steam and Steam Generators:
Pure substance constant pressure formation of steam, steam tables , constant
volume, constant pressure and isentropic processes, simple Rankine cycle. Steam
Generators Classification, Fire and water tube boilers; Description of Cochran,
Locomotive, Lancashire, Babcock and Wilcox boilers, Stirling Boiler, mountings and
accessories; Economiser, super heater etc. Modern high pressure boilers.
Characteristics of high pressure boilers, Advantages of forced circulation, steam
accumulators, boiler performance-equivalent evaporation, boiler efficiency.
3. Rankine Cycle:
Simple, methods of improving efficiency, Feed water heating (Bleeding), reheat
cycle, combined reheat regenerative cycle, Ideal working fluid – Binary vapour
cycle , combined power and heating cycles.
4. Nozzle:
Types and utility of nozzles, Flow of steam through nozzles, Critical pressure and
discharge, Area of throat and exit for maximum discharge, Effect of friction, Nozzle
efficiency, Supersaturated flow.
5. Impulse Steam Turbines:
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
General description, Pressure and velocity compounding, Velocity diagram and work
done, Effect of blade friction on velocity diagram, Stage efficiency and overall
efficiency, Reheat factor and condition curve.
6. Reaction Turbines:
Degree of reaction, velocity diagrams; Blade efficiency and its derivation; calculation
of blade height; back pressure and extraction turbines and congeneration; Economic
assesment.
Methods of attachment of blades to turbine rotor; losses in steam turbines;
Governing of steam turbines; Labyrinth packing.
7. Condensers:
Function Elements of condensing plant. Different types, Dalton’s law of partial
pressures applied to condenser problems; condenser and vacuum efficiencies.
Cooling water calculations.
Effect of air leakage, Methods to check and prevent air infiltration. Description of air
pump and calculation of its capacity.
8. Reciprocating Air Compressors
Use of compressed air in industry. Classification of air compressors, Operation of
single stage reciprocating compressors, Work input and the best value of index of
compression, Isothermal and polytropic efficiency.
Books
1. Heat Engineering by Dr Vasandani and Dr Kumar; Metropolitan Book Co. Pvt.
Ltd., Delhi
2. Thermal Engineering by PL Ballaney; Khanna Publishers, Delhi
3. Engineering Thermodynamics: Work and Hest Transfer By Rogers and Mayhew;
ELBS Publications
4. Thermodynamics and Heat Engines Vol. I and II by R Yadav; Central Publishers,
Allahabad
5. Steam Turbine Theory and Pratice by WAJ Keartan, ELBS Series
6. Applied Thermodynamics by TD Eastop & A Mc Conkey, ELBS Publications
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
PE-209 MANUFACTURING PROCESS –I
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
CASTING PROCESSES
Introduction to metal casting types of patterns, their materials and allowances.
Moulding materials: Moulding sand compositions and moulding sand properties, sand
testing types of moulds, moulding machines cores core sands, types of cores, core
banking elements of gating system, and risers and their design. Cupola and its
operation charge calculations types of furnaces,
Casting processes: sand casting, shell mould casting investment casting, permanent
mould casting, full mould casting, vacuum casting. Die casting. Centrifugal casting,
continuous casting.
Casting defects, their causes and remedies.
Metallurgical considerations in casting, Solidification of metals and alloys, directional
solidification, segregation, nucleation and grain growth, critical size of nucleus,
casting
of copper alloys.
Cleaning and finishing of castings, Testing and Inspecting of castings.
WELDING
Welding introduction and classification of welding, processes, welding terminology,
general principles, welding positions, filler metals.
Gas welding and gas cutting, principle, oxyacetylene welding equipment
oxyhydrogen
welding. Flame cutting.
Electric are welding. Principle, equipment, types- MIG, TIG submerged arc and
others.
Welding electrodes, classification and selection of electrodes, welding arc and its
characteristics, arc stability, arc blow. Thermal effects on weldment. Heat affected
zone
grain size and its control.
Resistance welding- principle and their types i.e. spot, seam, projection, upset and
flash
Thermit welding, electro slag welding, friction welding, plasma are welding electron
beam welding, atomic hydrogen hydrogen welding. Basic considerations in joint
design,
Welding defects, their cases and remedies.
Brazing, braze welding and soldering.
Books
1. Heine, R.W. C.R. Loper and P.C. Rosenthal, Principles of metal casting Mc
Graw Hill New York- 1967
2. Welding Technology by R.S. Parmar, Khanna Publishers.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
PE-217 MANUFACTURING PROCESS – I Lab
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
CASTING PRACTICALS
1. To study ingredients of molding sand and core sand.
2. To determine clay content in a moulding sand sample.
3. To determine moisture content in a moulding sample.
4. To find shatter index of moulding sand sample.
5. To conduct hardness test for mould and core.
6. To test tensile, compressive, transverse strength of moulding sand in dry
condition.
7. Determination of permeability of a moulding sand sample.
8. Measurement of grain finances number.
9. To study various features of cupola furnace and its charges calculations.
10. Prepare a green sand mould for any stable engg. component.
WELDING PRACTICALS
1. Specimen preparation and making of lap joint, Butt, T- joints with oxy- acetylene
gas welding.
2. Making of lap, Butt, T- joints etc. with electric arc welding.
3. Study of MIG welding equipment and making a weld joint in this process.
4. Study of TIG welding equipment and making a weld joint in this process.
5. Study of different process parameters in Friction welding and preparing a weld
joint by this process.
6. To study various welding equipments namely generators welding torch etc.
7. To study the resistance welding processes and prepare welded joint.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
4th Semester
AM-201 MATHEMATICS-III
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Fourier Series Periodic functions, Euler's formula. Even and odd functions, half
range expansions, Fourier series of different wave forms.
2. Laplace Transforms Laplace transforms of various standard functions, properties
of Laplace transforms, inverse Laplace transforms, transform of derivatives and
integrals, Laplace transform of unit step function, impulse function, periodic functions,
applications
to solution of ordinary linear differential equations with constant coefficients, and
simultaneous differential equations.
3. Special Functions Power series solution of differential equations, Frobenius
method, Legendre's equation, Legendre polynomial, Bessel's equation, Bessel
functions of the first and second kind. Recurrence relations, equations reducible to
Bessel's equation, Error function and its properties.
4. Partial Differential Equations Formation of partial differential equations, Linear
partial differential equations, homogeneous partial differential equations with constant
coefficients Applications: Wave equation and Heat conduction equation in one
dimension. Two dimensional Laplace equation, solution by the method of separation
of variables. Laplacian in polar coordinates.
5. Functions of Complex Variable Limits, continuity, derivative of complex
functions,
analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equation, conjugate functions, harmonic
functions; Conformal Mapping: Mapping of a complex function, conformal mapping,
standard transforms, mapping of standard elementary transformations, complex
potential, applications to fluid flow problems; Complex Integration : Line integrals in
the complex plane, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's integral formula and derivatives of
analytic function. Taylor's and Laurent's expansions, singular points, poles, residue,
complex integration using the method of residues, evaluation of real integrals by
contour integration.
Books
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Kreyszing Erwin ; Wiley Eastern, New
Delhi
2. Higher Engineering Mathematics by BS Grewal : Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
3. Numerical Solutions of Differential Equations by NK Jain ; Prentice Hall, Delhi.
4. Differential Equations by Sharma and Gupta ; Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd.,
Meerut.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-202 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS-II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Understand the concepts of strain energy.
2. Understand resilience stress developed due to suddenly applied loads.
3. Understand Castigliano’s & Maxwell theorems.
4. Understand the various theories of failure.
5. Derive equations and graphically represent each of the above.
6. Apply theories of failure to problems in 2D stress systems.
7. Derive the general formula for distribution of shear stress in beams.
8. Apply the above formula to various cross sections of beams.
9. Calculate deflection and reaction of indeterminate beams subjected to various
kinds of loads.
10. Draw SF and BM diagrams for each of the above.
11. Derive mathematically Lame’s equation.
12. Compute various type of stresses and strain developed due to internal pressure
in types of cylinders.
13. Compute stresses in cranks, rings of various section and chain links.
14. Solve simple numerical problems on the above.
Detailed Contents
1. Strain energy, energy of dilation and distortion, resilience stress due to suddenly
applied loads, Castigliano’s theorem, Maxwell’s theorem of reciprocal deflection.
2. Theories of Failure : Maximum principal stress theory, maximum shear stress
theory, Total strain energy theory, shear strain energy theory,
graphical representation and derivation of equation for each and their application
to problems relating to two dimensional stress systems only.
3. Leaf spring, deflection and bending stresses; open coiled helical springs;
derivation of formula and application for deflection and rotation of free end
under the action of axial load and/or axial couple; flat spiral springs –
derivation of formula for strain energy, maximum stress and rotation.
4. Thick Cylinders : Derivation of Lame’s equations, calculation of radial longitudinal
and hoop stresses and strains due to internal pressure in thick cylinders,
compound cylinders, hub shrunk on solid shafts.
5. Bending of curved beams : Calculation of stresses in crane or chain hooks, rings
of circular section and trapezoidal section and chain links with straight sided;
6. Shear stress distribution in rectangular, circular,I,T and channel section and the
compression with bending stresses, Importance of shear centre.
7. Rotational stresses in discs and rims of uniform thickness; discs of uniform
strength
Books
1. Elements of Strength of Materials by Timoshenko and Gere
2. Advanced Soild Mechanics by LS Srinath
3. Advanced Mechanics of Materials by Seely and Smith
4. Strength of Materials by GH Ryder
5. Mechanics of Materials-I by EJ Hern; Paragaman, New York
6. Introduction to Mechanics of Solids by Crandell, Dahl and Lardner, McGraw Hill
7. Strength of Materials DS Bedi
8. Mechanics of Materials by Dr.Kirpal Singh, Standard Publishers & Distributors.
9. Strength of Materials by R.S. Lehri, S.K Kataria and Sons
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-204 THEORY OF MACHINES – II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Compute, both analytically and graphically forces and couples for reciprocating
parts and dynamically equivalent system.
2. Understand the theory of inertia force and apply to four-bar linkage mechanism.
3. Understand types of balancing and its need.
4. Apply the theory of balancing to reciprocating and Rotating masses.
5. Understand the types of both tooth gear and the nomenclature of gears.
6. Understand the concepts of interference in gears, and its removal.
7. Compare the cycloid and involute tooth profile.
8. Understand the various types of gear trains.
9. Apply the theory of gear trains to solve simple numerical problems.
10. Understand gyroeffect on moving bodies
11. Understand techniques of kinematic synthesis
Detailed Contents
1. Static force analysis: Static equilibrium of mechanism, concept of force and
couple,
free body diagram, condition of equilibrium, methods of static force analysis of
simple mechanisms and power transmission elements, considerations of frictional
forces
2. Determination of forces and couples for a crank, inertia of reciprocating parts,
dynamically equivalent system, analytical and graphical method, inertia force
analysis of basic engine mechanism torque required to overcome inertia and
gravitational force of a four bar linkage.
3. Balancing: Classifications, need for balancing, balancing of single and multiple
rotating masses, static and dynamic balancing, primary and secondary balancing for
reciprocating masses, partial balancing of locomotives, swaying couple, hammer
blow, variation in tractive effort, balancing of V-engine, concept of direct and
reverse crank, balancing of machines, rotors, reversible rotors.
4. Gears : Toothed gears and spur gears, types of toothed gears, definitions, pitch
circle diameter, pitch surface, pitch point, circular pitch, module pitch, diametrical
pitch, addendum,. Dedendum clearance, outside and internal diameters, root
diameter, base circle diameter, face and flank of tooth, pressure angle, path of
contact, arc of contact, conditions for correct gearing, forms of teeth, involute and
its variants, interference and methods of its removal. Calculation of minimum no of
teeth on pinion/wheel for involute rack, helical/spiral/bevel/worm gears. Center
distance for spiral gears and efficiency of spiral gears
5. Gear Trains : Types of gear trains, simple, compound and epicyclic gear trains,
problems involving their applications, estimation of velocity ratio of worm and worm
wheel.
6. Gyroscopic motion and gyroscopic couples: Effect on supporting and holding
structures of machines, Effect on 2 and 4 wheeled vehicles,
7. Kinematic synthesis of Mechanism: Freudenstien equation, Function generation
errors in synthesis, two/three point synthesis, Transmission angles, least square
techniques,
Books
1. Theory of Machines by PL Ballaney
2. Theory of Machines by Hams Crone and Roggers
3. Theory of Machines by Shigley, Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi
4. Theory of Machines by Dr. Jagdish Lal
5. Theory of Machines by SS Rattan,Tata Mc. Graw Hill, New Delhi
6. Theory of Mechanisms and Machines by Ghosh and Mallick, Affiliated East West
Pvt.Ltd
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-212 THEORY OF MACHINES Lab
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Study of various links and mechanisms.
2. Study and draw various inversions of 4- bar chain and single slider crank chain.
3. Draw velocity and diagram of engine mechanism using graphical methods
including Klien’s construction.
4. Conduct experiments on various types of governors and draw graphs between
height and equilibrium speed of a governor.
5. Determination of gyroscopic couple (graphical method).
6. Balancing of rotating masses (graphical method)
7. Determination vibration characteristics of free and forced spring mass system
with and without damping.
8. Cam profile analysis (graphical method)
9. Determination of gear- train value of compound gear trains and Epicyclic gear
trains.
10. Study pressure distribution in a full journal bearing.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-206 FLUID MECHANICS-I
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Purpose
This is a core subject, basic knowledge of which is required by all the engineers. This
course aims at developing an understanding of the behaviour of fluids in motion or at
rest and the subsequent effects of the fluids on the boundaries. The study of this
subject
will develop analytical abilities related to fluid flow.
Instructional Objectives
The students should be able to have:
1. Conceptual understanding of fluids and their properties.
2. Understanding of fluid statistics, fluid kinematics and fluid dynamics.
3. Basic knowledge of dimensional analysis and similitude.
4. Understanding of laminar and turbulent flows, and flow measurement.
Detailed Contents
1. Fluid and their properties : Concept of fluid, difference between solids, liquids
and gases; ideal and real fluids; capillarity, vapour pressure, compressibility and
bulk modulus; Newtonian and non- Newtonian fluids.
2. Fluid Statics: Concept of pressure, Pascal’s law and its engineering applications,
Hydrostatic paradox.
Action of fluid pressure on a plane (horizontal, vertical and inclined) submerged
surface, resultant force and center of pressure, force on a curved surface due to
hydrostatic pressure.
Buoyancy and flotation, stability of floating and submerged bodies, metacentric
height and its determination, periodic time of oscillation, pressure distribution in a
liquid subjected to constant horizontal/ vertical acceleration, rotation of liquid in a
cylindrical container.
3. Fluid Kinematics : Classification of fluid flows, velocity and acceleration of fluid
particle, local and convective acceleration, normal and tangential acceleration,
streamline, path line and streak line, flow rate and discharge mean velocity,
continuity equation in Cartesian and cylindrical, polar coordinates.
Rotational flows, rotation velocity and circulation, stream and velocity potential
functions, flow net.
4. Fluid Dynamics : Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s equation and steady flow energy
equation; representation of energy changes in fluid system, impulse momentum
equation, kinetic energy and momentum correction factors, flow along a curved
streamline, free and forced vortex motions.
5. Dimensional Analysis and Similitude : Fundamental and derived units and
dimensions, dimensional homogeneity. Rayleigh’s and Buckingham’s Pi method
for dimensional analysis. Dimensionless numbers and their significance,
geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity, model studies.
Laminar and Turbulent Flows: Flow regimes and Reylods number, critical
velocity and critical Reynolds number, laminar flow in circular cross- section
pipes. Turbulent flows and flow losses in pipes, Darcy equation, minor head
losses in pipes and pipe fittings, hydraulic and energy gradient lines.
6. Flow Measurement: Manometers, pitot tubes, venturi meter and orifice meters,
orifice, mouthpieces, notches and weirs, rotameter.
Books
1. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by D.S. Kumar : S.K. Kataria and
Sons Publishers.
2. Mechanics of Fluids by Massey BS; Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
3. Fluid Mechanics by Douglas JF, Gasiorek JM, Swaffield JP; Poitman
4. Fluid Mechanics by Streetes VL and Wylie EB; Mcgraw Hill Book Co.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-214 FLUID MECHANICS- I Lab
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. To determine the metacentric height of a floating vessel under loaded
and unloaded conditions.
2. To study the flow through a variable area duct and verify Bernoulli’s energy
equation.
3. To determine the coefficient of discharge for an obstruction flow meter (venturi
meter/ orifice meter)
4. To determine the discharge coefficient for a Vee- notch or rectangular notch.
5. To study the transition from laminar to turbulent flow and to ascertain the lower
critical Reynolds number.
6. To determine the hydraulic coefficients for flow through an orifice.
7. To determine the friction coefficients for pipes of different diameters.
8. To determine the head loss in a pipe line due to sudden expansion/ sudden
contraction/ bend.
9. To determine the velocity distribution for pipeline flow with a pitot static
probe.
Instructional Approach
The laws, concepts and principles will be taught lecture- cum- discussion.
The elaboration of the laws, concepts of principle will be done through
numerical examples.
The numerical problems will be solved in the classroom lectures and tutorials
for practice the application of laws, concepts and principles will be taught
through lecture- cum- discussion.
The theory taught will be reinforced through conduct of practical in the
laboratory.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-208 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS – II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
IC Engines
Classification. Two stroke and four stroke engines, rotary engines and their
comparison, Principle of Carburation, Essential requirements for petrol and diesel
fuels ; R.A.C. rating of petrol engines, Theory of combustion in SI and CI engines,
pressure time diagram, various phenomenon such as turbulence squish and swirl,
dissociation and pre ignition, Theory of detonation (knocking) for SI and CI engines,
effect of engine variables on Delay period in SI and CI Engines, effect of various
engine parameters on knock (detonation) in SI and Diesel engines ; effect of
detonation on engine performance and methods employed to reduce detonation.
Octane and Cetane rating of fuels, octane and cetane number knockmeter and
doping of fuels. Combustion chambers and cylinder heads for SI and CI engines.
Methods of governing and cooling of IC Engines. Performance curves of SI and CI
engines, performance maps, effect of compression ration and of air fuel ratio on
power and efficiency of an engine. Variation of engine power with altitude ;
supercharging its advantages and application ; supercharging of IC engines ; types of
superchargers. High speed engine indicators, logarithmic plotting of PV diagrams
Rotary Compressors
Introduction and general classification of rotary compressors; comparison of rotary
compressors with reciprocating processors; operation of positive displacement type
of rotary compressors like roots blower, Lysholm compressor and Vane type Blower.
Applications of Steady Flow Energy Equation and thermodynamics of Rotary
compressors; stagnation and static values of pressure, temperature and enthalpy
etc. for flow through rotary machines. Complete representation of compression
process on T-S coordinates with detailed
description of areas representing total work done and Polytropic work done, area
representing energy lost in internal friction, energy carried away by cooling water
etc. on T-S coordinates for uncooled and cooled compression, Isentropic, polytropic
and isothermal efficiencies as ratios of areas representing various energy transfers
T-S coordinates.
Centrifugal Compressors
Complete thermodynamic anlysis of centrifugal compressor stage, polytropic,
isentropic and isothermal efficiencies; complete representation of compression
process starting from ambient air to flow through suction pipe, impeller, diffuser and
finally to delivery pipe on T-S coordinates; preguide vanes and prewhirl; Slip factor,
power input factor; various modes of energy transfer in impeller and diffuser; Degree
of reaction and its derivation; energy transfer in backward, forward and radial vanes;
pressure coefficient as a function of slip factor, efficiency and outcoming velocity
profile from the impeller.
Derivation of non-dimensional parameters for plotting compressor characteristics;
centrifugal compressor characteristics curves; surging and choking in centrifugal
compressors.
Axial Flow Compressors
Different components of axial flow compressors and their arrangement; discussion
on flow passages and simple theory of aerofoil blading; angle of attack; coefficients
of lift and drag; turbine versus compressor blades; velocity vector vector diagrams,
thermodynamic analysis and power calculations; modes of energy trasfer in rotor
and stator blade flow passages. Detailed discussion on work done factor; Degree of
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
reaction and Blade efficiency and their derivations; Isentropic, polytropic and
Isothermal Efficiencies.
Surging, choking and stalling in axial flow compressors, characteristics curves for
axial flow compressor, flow parameters of axial flow compressor like pressure
coefficient, flow coefficient, work coefficient and temperature rise coeffieicnt specific
speed etc.
Comparison on axial flow compressor with centrifugal compressor and reaction
turbine; field of application of axial flow compressors.
Gas Turbines
Comparison of open and closed cycles; comparison of gas turbine with a steam
turbine and IC engine. Fields of application of gas turbine.
Position of gas turbine in power industry; classification on the basis of system of
operation (open and closed cycles) and on the basis of combustion (at constant
volume or constant pressure)
Thermodynamics of constant pressure gas turbine cycle (Brayton cycle); calculation
of net output, work ratio and thermal efficiency of ideal and actual cycles; cycle air
rate, temperature ratio; effect of changes in specific heat and of mass of fuel on
power and efficiency; Operating variables and their effects on thermal efficiency and
work ratio.
Thermal refinements and their effects on gas turbine cycle i.e. gas turbine cycle with
regeneration, intercooling and reheating; multistage compression and expansion;
Dual Turbine system; Series and parallel arrangements, closed and semiclosed gas
turbine cycle; requirements of a gas turbine combustion chamber. Blade materials
and selection criteria for these materials and requirements of blade materials. Gas
turbine fuels.
Jet propulsion
Principle of jet propulsion, description of different types of jet propulsion system like
Rockets and thermal jet engines like (I) athodyds (ramjet and pulsejet), (ii) turbojet
engine, (iii) turboprop engine. Thermodynamics of turbojet engines components;
development of thrust and methods for its boosting/augmentation; thrust work and
thrust power, propulsion energy, propulsion and thermal (internal) efficiencies,
overall thermal efficiency. Specific fuel consumption.
Rocket propulsion, its thrust and thrust power; propulsion and overall thermal
efficiency, types of rocket motors (e.g. solid propellant and liquid propellant
systems); various common propellant combinations (i.e. fuels) used in rocket
motors; cooling of rockets
Advantages and disadvantages of jet propulsion over propulsion systems; Brief
introduction to performance characteristics of different propulsion systems; fields of
application of various propulsion units.
Books
1. Heat Engineering by VP Vasandani and DS Kumar; Metropolitan Book Co. Pvt
Ltd., Delhi
2. Thermodynamic and Heat Engines, Vol II by R Yadav
3. Principles of Turbomachinery by DG Shephered
4. Gas Turbine Theory by Cohen H and Rogers GFC and Sarvan matto; Longmans
5. An Introduction to Energy Conversion by V Kadambi, Manohar Prasad; Wiley
International, New Delhi
6. IC Engines by ML Mathur and RP Sharma; Dhanpat Rai and Sons
7. Fundamentals of IC Engines by Heywood; McGraw Hill
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-216 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS- II Lab
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. To Study 2 stroke and 4 stroke Petrol and Diesel engines
2. To draw valve timing diagram of a diesel engine and study of its impact on the
performance of an IC Engine.
3. Study of various circuits of a carburetor fitted on Indian Make Vehicle.
4. Study of various types of Boilers, Boiler trial: Estimation of equivalent
evaporation and efficiency of a fire tube/ water tube boiler.
5. Determination of dryness fraction of steam and estimation of brake power,
Rankine efficiency, relative efficiency, generator efficiency, and overall efficiency
of a steam engine/ steam turbine unit and plotting of William line.
6. Determine the brake power, indicated power, friction power and mechanical
efficiency of a multicylinder petrol engine running at constant speed (Morse
Test).
7. Performance of a diesel/ semi diesel engine from no load to full load (at constant
speed) for a single cylinder/ multi- cylinder engine in terms of brake power,
indicated power, mechanical efficiency and SFC (Specific fuel consumption) and
further obtain power consumption curves and draw the heat balance sheet.
8. Performance of single stage/ multi stage reciprocating compressor.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-210 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES-II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Metal Forming
Introduction : Classification of forming processes,
Rolling : Classification of rolling processes, rolling mills, products of rolling and main
variables, rolling defects,
Drawing : Drawing of rods, wires and tubes, Draw benches, main variables in
drawing operations.
Forging : Open and closed die forging, forging operations, hammer forging, press
forging and drop forging, forging defects, their causes and remedies.
Extrusion : Classification of extrusion processes, extrusion equipment, variables in
extrusion process.
Introduction to high velocity forming.
Sheet metal forming operations : Spinning, deep drawing, bending.
Introduction to press working. Types of presses, press working operation, Press
working tools.
Introduction to powder metallurgy, methods of producing powders, briquetting and
sintering, sizing and finishing operations,
2. Metal cutting and Machine tools
Cutting tool materials, high carbon steels, alloy carbon steels, high speed steel, cast
alloys, cemented carbides, ceremics and diamonds, CBN etc. Geometry of single
point cutting tools, Twist Drill and milling cutter, cutting speeds and feeds
Coolants: Classification, purpose, its effect on speed and feed
Lubricants: Function and properties
Lathe: Machine and its accessories, Lathe operations, Turning, Taper Turning and
Thread cutting, kinematic scheme of lathe, shaping and planing Machine, Drive
Mechanisms, slotting machine, cutting speeds and feeds
Milling machine and its classification, upmilling and down milling
Indexing: Simple compound and differential
Sawing Machine and Drilling Operation
Boring Operation and boring machines
Grinding: Cylindrical, surface and centreless grinding
Composition and nomenclature of grinding wheels
Introduction to broaching machine
Books
1. Manufacturing Technology: Foundry, Forming and Welding by Rao, Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
2. Principles of Manufacturing Materials and Processes by J.S. Campbell, Tata
McGraw Hill.
3. Metal forming fundamentals and applications by Alton.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-218 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES-II LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Study of constructional features of following machines through drawings/
sketches:-
a) Lathe
b) Capstan & Turret Lathe
c) Radial drilling machine
d) Universal milling machine
e) Shaper and planer
f) Plastic moulding machine
g) Grinding machines (Surface, cylindrical)
h) Gear cutting machines etc.
i) Hydraulic Press
j) Draw Bench
k) Drawing, Extrusion Dies
l) Rolling Mills
2. Study of lubrication system in the machine tools.
3. Advanced exercises on Lathe where the students will work within specified
tolerances, cutting of V- threads and square threads (internal as well as
external).
4. Production of machined surfaces on shaper and planner.
5. Exercises on milling machines; generation of plane surfaces, production of spur
gears and helical involute gears, use of end mill cutters.
6. Grinding of single point cutting tool, cutter and drills.
7. Study of recommended cutting speeds for different tool- work material
combinations.
8. Identification of different cutting tool and work materials.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
5th Semester
ME-301 MACHINE DESIGN-1
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Examination Hrs: 04
Objectives
1. Understand the meaning of machine design and basic design
process
2. Understand the various types of machine design processes
3. Developing creativity for design
4. Co-relating the basic machine design with the of product design
process
5. Developing the capability to analyse and select the various criteria
of design
6. To be able to segregate components and design them
independently.
7. Predict effectively and accurately the reasons of failure and then
correlate it to the theoretical knowledge.
8. To learn various design consideration like stress concentration
factor, factor of safety etc.
9. Design of various types of fasteners including riveted joints, bolted
joints and welded joints under various loading conditions.
10. Design of transmission shafts subjected to torque, bending and
axial loading
11. Design various kinds of keys for both shearing and crushing
12. Design rigid and flexible coupling for torque transmission
13. Learning of basic design of links and levers
14. Designing of some of the pipe joints
Detailed Contents
1. Meaning of design with special reference to machine design. Definition and
understanding of various types of design, Elaborated Design process
2. Design and creativity ; Systematic design conceptualization, product design
definition, underlying principles of design in Aesthetics and ergonomics, free body
diagram for components design
3. General Design Considerations:
a) Concept of tearing, bearing, shearing, crushing, bending etc.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
b) Selection of materials, Basic criteria of selection of material, their
designation, mechanical properties of those materials in brief.
c) Study of Stress concentration, factor of safety under different loading
conditions,
3. Basic Design:
Design for static loading, design for variable loading for both limited and
unlimited life, concept of fatigue and endurance strength.
4. Design of fasteners:
a) RIVETS: Desing of rivets for boiler joints, lozenge joints (uniform strength
joint), eccentrically loaded riveted joints
b) BOLTS: Understanding the various stresses/ failure in bolted joints, design
of cylindrical covers, basic and eccentrically loaded bolts
c) WELDS: Design for various loading conditions in torsion, shear or direct
load, eccentrically loaded welded joints.
d) MISCELLENEOUS: Design of spigot and socket cotter joint, Gib and
Cotter joint and knuckle joint.
5. Design of Transmission Shaft
Design of both solid and hollow shafts for transmission of torque, bending
moments and axial forces, Design of shaft for critically speed, Design of shaft
for rigidity and Design of stepped shafts for assembly
6. Design of Keys and Couplings:
Design of sunk keys under crushing and shearing, design of splines, design of
sleeve and solid muff coupling, clamp or compression coupling, rigid and
flexible flange coupling, design of universal joint
7. Lever design:
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Basic lever design, design of foot and hand lever, cranked lever, bell crank
lever, safety valve lever and shoe brake lever
8. Design of Pipe Joints:
Stresses in pipe joints, design of circular flange pipe joint, oval flanged pipe
joints, square flange pipe joint
Books
1. Machine Design by Shigley Tata McGraw hill
2. Machine Design by Juvinal, John-Wiley Publishers
3. Machine Design by Spots, Prentice hall
4. Machine Design by Norton, Prentice Hall
5. Machine Design by Khurmi
6. Machine Design by Goyal and Bahl, Standard Publishers
7. Product Design and Development, Prentice Hall
8. Design Data Book Compiled by PSG College of Engineering & Technology,
Coimbatore
Note: Design data book is not allowed in examination.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME 311 MACHINE DESIGN -1 PRACTICE
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Select a daily use product and design the conceptual design by applying the
design process talking the controlling parameters
2. Make a list of mechanical components and know their materials and suggest
some alternative materials for the each on of them
3. Design a wall bracket, which is being used in real life by actual measurement of
load
a) Welded joints
b) Riveted and bolted joints
And justify your findings
4. Find a flange coupling in the college laboratory and justify its design by actual
measurements
5. Design a shaft used in some practical application, by actual working and loading
conditions
6. Select a braking system lever (both hand and foot lever) and justify the design
parameters
7. Justify the design of single plate clutch of a engine assembly
8. Design a software in some high level language or excel sheets for design of a
component
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-303 HEAT TRANSFER
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 4 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Introduction
Concept of heat transfer, Difference between the subject of "Heat Transfer" and its
parent subject "Thermodynamics". Different modes of heat transfer - conditions,
convection, radiation.
2. Conduction
Fouier's law of heat conduction, coefficient of thermal conductivity, effect of
temperature and pressure on thermal conductivity of solids, liquids and gases and
its measurement.
Three-dimensional general conduction equation in rectangular, cylindrical and
spherical coordinates involving internal heat generation and unsteady state
conditions. Derivation of equations for simple one dimensional steady state heat
conduction from three dimensional equations for heat conduction though walls,
cylinders and spherical shells (simple and composite), electrical analogy of the heat
transfer phenomenon in the cases discussed above.
Equivalent areas, shape factor, conduction through edges and corners of walls and
critical thickness of insulation layers on electric wires and pipes carrying hot fluids.
Internal generation cases along with some practical cases of heat conduction like
heat transfer through underground electrical cables, simple model of heat conduction
through piston crown and case of nuclear fuel rod with cladding.
Influence of variable thermal conductivity on conduction through simple cases of
walls / cylinders and spheres. Introduction to unsteady heat transfer, Newtonian
heating and cooling of solids; definition and explanation of the term thermal diffusivity.
3. Theory of Fins
Straight rod type of fins of uniform cross-section; e.g. of circular, rectangular or any
other cross-section). Straight fins with varying cross-sectional area and having
triangular or trapezoidal profile area, circumferential find of rectangular cross-section
provided on the circumference of a cylinder.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Optimum design of straight find of rectangular and triangular profile cross-sections;
fin effectiveness and fin efficiency for straight rod fins of rectangular and circular
cross-section. Application of fins in temperature measurement of flow through pipes
and determination of error in its measurement.
4. Convection Free and forced convection, derivation of three-dimensional mass,
momentum and energy conservation equations (with introduction to Tensor
notations).
Boundary layer formation, laminar and turbulent boundary layers (simple explanation
only and no derivation).
Theory of dimensional analysis as applied to free and forced convective heat transfer.
Analytical formula for heat transfer in laminar and turbulent flow, flow over vertical
and horizontal tubes and plates.
Newton's law of cooling. Overall coefficient of heat transfer. Different design criterion
for heat exchangers. Log mean temperature difference for evaporator and condenser
tubes, and parallel and counter flow heat exchangers. Calculation of number and
length of tubes in a heat exchanger.
5. Convection with Phase Change (Boiling and Condensation)
Pool boiling, forced convection boiling, heat transfer during pool boiling of a liquid.
Nucleation and different theories of nucleation, different theories accounting for the
increased values of h.t.c. during nucleate phase of boiling of liquids; different phases
of flow boiling (theory only)
6. Radiation
Process of heat flow, definition of emissivity, absorptivity, reflectivity and
transmissivity. Concept of black and grey bodies, Plank's law of nonchromatic
radiation. Kirchoff's law and Stefan Boltzman's law. Interchange factor. Lambert's
Cosine law and the geometric factor. Intensity of Radiation (Definition only), radiation
density, irradiation, radiosity and radiation shields.
Derivation formula for radiation exchange between two bodies using the definition of
radiosity and irradiation and its application to cases of radiation exchange between
three or four bodies (e.g. boiler or other furnaces), simplification of the formula for its
application to simple bodies like two parallel surfaces, concentric cylinders and a
body enveloped by an other body etc.
Error in Temperature measurement by a thermocouple probe due to radiation losses.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Books
1. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass transfer by DS Kumar, SK Kataria and Sons,
Delhi
2. A Course in Heat and Mass Transfer by S Domkundwar; Dhanpat Rai and
Sons, Delhi
3. Heat Transfer by AJ Chapman; Macmillan Publishing Company, New York
4. Heat transfer by JP Holmans, McGraw Hill, London
5. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass transfer by Frank P Incropera and David P
De Witt, John Wiley and Sons
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-313 HEAT TRANSFER LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Determination of thermal conductivity of :
- a solid insulating material by slab method
- powder materials by concentric spheres method / or by some transient heat transfer
technique
- a metal by comparison with another metal by employing two bars when kept in
series and / or in parallel under different boundary conditions
- Liquids by employing thin layer
2. Determination of coefficient of heat transfer for free/forced convection from the
surface of a cylinder / plate when kept:
a) along the direction of flow
b) perpendicular to the direction of flow
c) inclined at an angle to the direction of flow
3. To plot the pool boiling curves for water and to determine its critical point
4. Determination of heat transfer coefficient for
i) film condendsation
ii) drop-wise condensation
5. Determination heat transfer coefficient by radiation and hence find the Stefan
Boltzman's constant using two plates/two cylinders of same size by making one of
the plates/cylinders as a black body.
6. Determination of shape factor of a complex body by an analog technique.
7. To plot the temperature profile and to determine fin effectiveness and fin efficiency
for
i) A rod fin when its tip surface is superimposed by different boundary condition like.
a) Insulated tip
b) Cooled tip
c) Temperature controlled tip
ii) Straight transfer fins of various sizes and optimization of fin proportions
iii) Circumferential fins of rectangular/triangular section
8. evaluate the performance of a heat pipe
9. Fluidised bed heat transfer
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-305 AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Introduction
Basic structure, general layout and type of automotive vehicles, Frameless and
unitary construction; position of power unit.
2. Power Unit
Power requirements - motion resistance and power loss, tractive effort and vehicle
performance curves; selection of power unit and engine performance characteristics;
pollution due to vehicle emission and exhaust emission control system.
3. Fuel Supply System
Air cleaner and fuel pumps; Air fuel requirements and carburation; Modifications in a
simple carburettor to meet different starting, running, idling and accelerating
consitions; constructional details of carburetors and fuel injection systems used in
Indian make vehicles. Diesel fuel system - cleaning, injection pump, injector and
nozzles.
4. Lubrication and Cooling Systems
Necessity of lubrication; Desirable properties of lubricants; various types of lubricants
and oil additives; different systems of lubrication - oil filters, oil pumps and oil
pressure indicator; crank case ventilation and dilution.
Purpose of cooling, air and water cooling systems; radiator, thermostat, pump and
fan.
5. Chassis and Suspension
Loads on the frame, considerations of strength and stiffness, engine mounting,
conventional and independent suspension systems; shock absorbs and stablizers;
wheels and tyres.
6. Transmission system
Basic requirements and standard transmission systems; constructional features of
automobile clutch, gear box, differential, front and rear axles; overdrives, propeller
shaft, universal joint and torque tube drive; Rear wheel vs front wheel drive, principle
of automatic transmission
7. Steering System
Requirement and steering geometry; castor action, camber and king pin angle, toe-in
of front wheels, steering linkages and steering gears; wheel alignment; power
steering.
8. Braking System
General braking requirements; Mechanical, hydraulic, vacuum power and servo
brakes; Weight transfer during braking and stopping distances
9. Electric System
Conventional (coil and magneto) and transistorized ignition systems; Charging,
capacity ratings and battery testing; starter motor and drive arrangements : voltage
and current regulation
10. Maintenance
Preventive maintenance, trouble shooting and rectification in different systems;
engine turning and servicing
Books
1. Automotive mechanics by Crouse WH; McGraw Hill Publishing Co
2. Automotive Mechanics by Heitner J; East West Press
3. Automobile Engineering Vol I and II by Kirpal Singh, Standard Publishers
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-315 AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
List of Experiments
1. Valve refacing and valve seat grinding and checking for leakage of
valves
2. Trouble shooting in cooling system of an automotive vehicle
3. Trouble shooting in the ignition system, setting of contact breaker
points and spark plug gap
4. Demonstration of sterring system and measurement of steering
geometry angles and their impact on vehicle performance.
5. Trouble shooting in braking system with specific reference to
master cylinder, brake shoes, overhauling of system and the adjusting
of the system and its testing.
6. Fault diagnosis in transmission system including clutches, gear box
assembly and differential.
7. Replacing of ring and studying the method of replacing piston after
repair.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-307 MECHANCIAL MEASUREMENT AND METROLOGY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. General Concepts
Need and classification of measurements and instruments; basic and auxiliary
functional elements of a measurement system; Mechanical versus electrical /
electronic instruments; primary, secondary and working standards.
2. Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Instruments
Range and span, accuracy and precision, calibration, hysteresis and dead zone,
sensitivity and linearity, threshold and resolution; speed of response, lag, fidelity and
dynamic error, dead time and dead zone.
Zero, first and second order systems and their response to step, ramp and sinusoidal
input signals.
3. Errors in Measurement
Sources of errors, systematic and random errors; statistical analysis of test-data,
probable error and probability tables, ejection of test data; curve fitting, error
propagation; Design and planning of experiments and report writing.
4. Metrology
Line, end and wavelength standards; linear measurements - vernier scale and
micrometer, vernier height gauge and depth guage; comparators - their types, relative
merits and limitations; Angular measurements - sine bar, clinometer, angle guage;
concept and measurement of straightness and flatness by interferometry; surface
roughness - specifications and measurement by Talysurf, Measurement of major
diameter, minor diameter, effective diameter, pitch, angle and form of threads for
internal and external threads; measurement of tooth thickness, pitch and checking of
profile for spur gears.
5. Functional Elements
Review of electro-mechanical sensors and transducers - variable resistance,
inductance and capacitive pick ups, photo cells and piezo-electric transducers and
application of these elements for measurement of position / displacement, speed /
velocity / acceleration, force and liquid level. Resistance strain guages, guage factor,
bonded and unbonded guages, surface preparation and bonding technique signal
conditioning and bridge circuits, temperature compensation, application of strain
guages for direct, bending and torsional loads. Introduction to amplifying, transmitting
and terminating devices.
6. Pressure and Flow Measurement
Bourdon tube, diaphragm and bellows, vacuum measurement - Mcleod guage,
thermal conductivity guage and ionisation guage; Dead weight guage tester.
Electromagnetic flux meters, ultra-sonic flow meters and hot wire anemometer: flow
visualisation techniques.
7. Temperature Measurement
Thermal expansion methods - bimetallic thermometers, liquid-in-glass thermeter and
filled-in-system thermometers; thermo-electric sensors - common thermo couples,
reference junction considerations, special materials and configurations; metal
resistance thermometers and thermistors; optical and total radiation pyrometers;
calibration standards.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
8. Speed, Force, Torque and Shaft Power Measurement
Mechanical tachometers, vibration reed tachometer and stroboscope; proving ring,
hydraulic and pneumatic load cells, torque on rotating shafts; Absorption,
transmission and driving dynamo meters.
Books
1. Measurement System : Application and Design by Doebelin E.O; McGraw Hill
Publishing Company.
2. Experimental Methods for Engineers by Holman JP; McGraw Hill Publication
Company.
3. Mechanical Measurement and Control by Kumar DS; Metropolitan Book Co Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Engineering Metrology by Jain RK
5. Automatic Control systems by Kuo BC; Prentice Hall
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-317 MECHANICAL MEASUREMENT AND METROLOGY LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Measurement with the help of vernier caliper and micrometer
2. Measurement of an angle with the help of sine bar
3. Measurement of surface roughness
4. Measurement of gear elements using profile projector
5. Three wire method to determine effective diameter of external threads
6. Measurement of thread element by Tool makers microscope
7. Calibration of a pressure guage with the help of a dead weight guage tester
8. Use of stroboscope for measurement of speed of shaft
9. Use of pilot tube to plot velocity profile of a fluid through a circular duct
10. Preparation of a thermocouple, its calibration and application for
temperature measurement
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-309 Numerical Methods in Engineering
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Errors in Numerical Calculations
Errors and their analysis, general error formula, errors in a series approximation
2. Solution of algebraic and Transcendental equations: Bisection method, iteration
method, Method of false position,, Newton -Raphson method, solution of systems of
non linear equations, method of iteration and
3. Interpolation method:
Errors in polynomial interpretation, finite difference , forward, backward and central
difference, Difference of a polynomial, Newtons formulae for interpolation, central
difference intepolation formulae, Interpolation with unevenly spaced points, Newton's
general interpolation formula, interpolation by iteration
4. Curve Fitting:
Cubic splines and approximation:introduction, Least square curve fitting,,Procedures
-fitting a straight line, non linear curve fitting, curve fitting by a sum of exponentials,
Data fitting with cubic splines-derivation of governing equation, end conditions
5.Numericl Differentiation and Integration
Numerical differentiation- cubic spline method: maximum and minimum values of a
tabulated function; Numerical Integration- trapezoidal rule, Simpson1/3 rule,
Simpsons 3/8 rule, Newton-cots integration formulae; Euler-Meclaurin formula,
Gaussian integration(One dimensional only)
6.Matrices and Linear systems of equations
Introduction, Inverse of Matrix, Solution of linear systems, Matrix inversion method,
Gaussian Elimination method(fall and banded symmetric and unsymmetric systems),
Eigen value problems
7. Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations:
Solution by Taylor's series, Prediction -correction method, Boundary value problems,
Prediction corrector method, Euler's and modified Euler's method, Runge-Kutta
method, finite difference methods
8. Numerical solution of Partial differential equations
Finite difference approximation to derivatives, Solution to Laplaces equation- Jacobi's
method, Gauss -Siedel method, S.O.R method, Parabolic equation and their solution
using iterative methods
Books:
1. Computer Oriented Numerical Methods- V. RajaRaman
2. Numerical Methods in Fortran -Mc Cromik and Salavadory
3. Elementary Numerical Analysis, S.D. Conte, & Cari De Boor. Mc Graw Hill.
4.Applied Numerical Methods, Cornahn B., Et al, John Wiley.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-319 Numerical Methods in Engg. (Lab)
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. To develop computer program to determine roots of a given equation using
method of
a. False position
b. Newton -Raphson method,
2. To develop computer programs for solution of system of simultaneous linear
equations using:
a. Gauss Elimination Technique, without and with specified boundary conditions, for
full as well as bounded symmetric and unsymmetrical matrices
b. Gauss Shield iterative technique Successive over Relaxation(S.O.R) Technique
3. Linear and Non-Linear curve fitting technique
4. Numerical Integration with Simpson's rule and Gaussian Integration
5. Solution of ordinary differential equations by (i) Eular Method (ii) Runge-Kutta
Method (iii) Taylor Series Methods
6. Solution of partial differential equations using S.O.R. Technique with special
reference to heat conclusion equation.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-321 Computer Aided Drafting Lab
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Learn the basic initial setting and viewing of the drafting software's
interface.
2. Learn the basic options of drawing aids like grid, snap, ortho etc. and other
aids for distance and mass properties calculations
3. Learn and draw the basic entities in 2D
4. Learn and use the various modify commands of the drafting software
5. Learn and use the layers and blocks in drafting software
6. Use hatching and dimensioning to detail out a component drawings
7. Understand different coordinate system and do a exercise on drafting
software using this
8. Draw the different types of 3D modeling entities using viewing commands
to view them
9. Draw the different Surface model with different editing commands
10. Learn and use shading and rendering techniques for better visual appearance
11. Use and learn import/export techniques and customization of drafting software
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-302 MACHINE DESIGN-II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Examination Hrs.: 04
Course Objective :
1. Understand the selection/ Design of each of the transmission components
a) Flat, V-Belt and rope drive
b) Chain drives
c) Gear drives of different types
d) Selection of sliding and rolling bearings and their housing
e) Flywheel and pulley
f) Closed coiled, helical and leaf springs
g) Various types of clutches and brakes
h) Lubrication in the transmission systems
2. To learn the design or design modification for manufacturing and assembly
3. To understand the basic concept of computer aided design i.e.
a) The basic Theory of CAD Techniques
b) Design stragergies of different CAD/Softwares
c) Functioning/ Structure of CAD Softwares
4. To handle live projects of transmission systems efficiently
Detailed Contents
1. Design of Flat belt, V-belt and rope (steel wire), Design of the pulley for the same
2. Selection of Chain Drive
3. Design of spur, helical, straight bevel gears, worm and worm wheel
4. Bearing Selection, Design of sliding and rolling type of bearings, Detailed of
bearing housing
5. Design of Flywheel for different operation
6. Design of Close-coil, Helical and Leaf springs
7. Design of Contact clutches i.e. Plate and cone types, Band, Block, Band and
block brakes
8. Design of Lubrication in transmission system
9. Computers in Design: Basic Theory of CAD Software, structure of CAD software,
Design Philosophy, Structure of CAD Softwares, Designing a CAD Software
BOOKS
1. Machine Design by Shigley Tata McGraw hill
2. Machine Design by Juvinal, John-Wiley Publishers
3. Machine Design by Spots, Prentice hall
4. Machine Design by Norton, Prentice Hall
5. Machine Design by Sharma, Aggarwal, Kataria Publishers
6. Machine Design by Goyal and Bahl, Standard Publishers
7. Design Data Book Compiled by PSG College of Engineering & Technology,
Coimbatore
Note: Only one design data book by “ design Data Book compiled by PSG
Coimbatore is allowed to be used in the examination.”
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-310 MACHINE DESIGN -II PRACTICE
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Review of principles of retainment, alignment and assembly, of various
components of machines, various types of oil seals: friction lock and its
applications in reciprocating cam-followers, assembly and link motions.
2. Study the layout of some existing transmission system design and suggest a
new conceptual design by removing the shortcomings of the existing design
3. Find an assembly containing the belt and pulley mechanism and do the
complete design calculations and then justify the existing design.
4. Calculation of the velocity ratios required in a gear box and then design the
gearbox in practical application (gearbox application must involve different
types of gears like bevel, spur and helical gears)
5. Find a transmission system involving the worm an worm wheel and then find
out the inputs required for its design and justify the design.
6. The gearbox design in the exp no. 5, Design the shafts required to support
the assembly and design it for manufacturing and assembly.(with actual
calculations of the loads and the end conditions)
7. For a press of your machine shop, study the process and suggest the design
parameters of the flywheel required. Justify the design if flywheel is already
there.
8. Design springs for practical application for the given conditions and
constraints and find its practical availability.
9. Select a mechanical component or system, convert its design procedure into
an algorithm and write a code for its design or with the help of an application
software.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-304 REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 4 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Basic Concept
Natural and Mechanical refrigeration; Application of Refrigeration; Units of
refrigeration and Coefficient of performance; Refrigeration effect, cooling capacity
and COP of a refrigerator; heating effect, heating capacity and COP as heat pump;
Reversed Carnot cycle and its limitations
2. Bell Coleman Cycle and Aircraft Refrigeration
Bell Coleman Cycle and its analysis; optimum COP and pressure ratio, necessity of
air craft refrigeration - air cycle refrigeration systems and their comparison
3. Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle
Vapour compression cycle on P-V, P-H and T-S diagrams;
Deviation of actual cycle from theoretical cycle; Compressor capacity and volumetric
efficiency, Analysis of theoretical and actual vapour compression cycles; Effect of
suction pressure, discharge pressure, subcooling, super heating and pressure drop in
valves on performance and cooling capacity.
4. Vapour Compression Refrigeration with Multiple Evaporators and
Compressors
Compound compression with single and multiple expansion valves, water intercooling
and flash intercooling; multiple load systems with single and multiple expansion
valves
5. Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Cycle (No Mathematical Analysis)
Principle of absorption system; components of the system; Desirable properties of
absorption system refrigerant and absorbent; Aqua - ammonia absorption
refrigeration system; Lithium Bromide - water absorption system; Theory of mixtures;
temerature concentration and enthalpy concentration diagrams; comparison between
absorption and compression systems; Electrolux refrigeration system.
6. Refrigerants
Classification and nomenclature of refrigerants; Desirable thermodynamic, chemical
and physical properties of refrigerants; comparative study of commonly used
refrigerants and their fields of application; Azeotropes; Effect of moisture and oil
miscibility; Refrigerants dying agents and antifreeze solution; leak detection and
charging of refrigerants; environmental aspects of conventional refrigerants;
Ecofriendly refrigerants and action plan to reduce ecological hazards.
7. Non-Conventional Refrigeration Systems (No Mathematical Analysis)
Steam Jet Refrigeration; Cascade Refrigeration System; Mixed Refrigeration
Systems; Vortex Tube Refrigeration, Thermoelectric cooling; Linde and Claude
cycles, cryogenics and its engineering applications.
8. Air Conditioning Concept and Applications;
Psychometric properties of air; Dry bulb, wet bulb and dew point temperatures;
Relative and specific humidity; degree of saturation adiabatic saturation temperature,
enthalpy of air and water vapours; psychometric chart. Human requirement of
comforts; effective temperature and comfort charts; Industrial and comfort air
conditioning.
9. Psychometric Processes
Sensible heating and cooling, cooling with dehumidification; Heating with
dehumidification; by-pass factor; chemical dehumidification; adiabatic mixing, air
washer.
10. Calculations for Air –conditioning Load and for Rate and state of Supply Air
Sources of heat load; sensible and latent heat load; sensible heat factor; appratus
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
dew point temperature; Rate and state of supply - air for air- conditioning of different
types of premises.
11. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment
Brief description of compressors, condensers, evaporators and expansion devices;
Cooling towers; Ducts; dampers; grills; air filters; fans; room air conditioners; split
units; Package and central air conditioning plants.
BOOKS
1. Refrigeration and Conditioning by CP Arora, Tata McGraw Hill
2. Refrigeration and Conditioning by Manohar Prasad, Wiley Eastern Limited
3. Refrigeration and Conditioning by Jordan and Priester, Prentice Hall of India
4. Refrigeration and Conditioning by WF Stoecker, McGraw
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-312 REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Study of various elements of a mechanical refrigerator system
through cut sections models / actual apparatus
2. Study and performance of domestic refrigerator,
3. Study the performance of and Eectrolux refrigerator
4. Study of an Ice plant and visit to a cod storage for study
5. Calculation/ Estimation of cooling load for large building
6. Visit to a central Air conditioning plant for study of processes for
winter and summer air conditioning
7. Study and performance of window type room air conditioner
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-306 FLUID MACHINERY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. General Concepts
Impulse momentum principle; jet impingement on stationary and moving flat plates,
and on stationary or moving vanes with jet striking at the centre and tangentially at
one end of the vane; calculations for force exerted, work done and efficiency of jet.
Basic components of a turbo machine and its classification on the basis of purpose,
fluid dynamic action, operating principle, geometrical features, path followed by the
fluid and the type of fluid etc. Euler's equation for energy transfer in a turbomachine
and specifying the energy transfer in terms of fluid and rotor kinetic energy changes.
2. Pelton Turbine
Component parts and operation; velocity triangles for different runners, work output;
Effective head, available power and efficiency; design aspects such as mean
diameter of wheel, jet ratio, number of jets, number of buckets with working
proportions
3. Francis and Kaplan Turbines
Component parts and operation velocity triangles and work output; working
proportions and design parameters for the runner; Degree of reaction; Draft tubes -
its function and types. Function and brief description of commonly used surge tanks.
4. Centrifugal Pumps
Layout and installation; Main elements and their functions; Various types and
classification; Pressure changes in a pump - suction, delivery and manometric heads;
vane shape and its effect on head-capacity relationships; Departure from Euler's
theory and losses; pump output and efficiency; Minimum starting speed and impeller
diameters at the inner and outer periphery; Priming and priming devices, Multistage
pumps - series and parallel arrangement; submersible pumps. Construction and
operation; Axial and mixed flow pumps; Trouble shooting - field problems, causes
and remedies.
5. Similarity Relations and Performance Characteristics
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Unit quantities, specific speed and model relationships, scale effect; cavitation and
Thoma's cavitation number; Concept of Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) and its
application in determining turbine / pump setting
6. Reciprocating Pumps :-- Components parts and working; pressure variations due
to piston acceleration; acceleration effects in suction and delivery pipes; work done
against friction; maximum permissible vacuum during suction stroke; Air vessels
7. Hydraulic Devices and Systems
Const., operation and utility of simple and differential accumulator, intensifier, fluid
coupling and torque converter, Air lift and jet pumps; gear, vane and piston pumps.
BOOKS
1. Hydraulic Turbines by Daughaty RL; McGraw Hill Book Co.
2. Hydraulic Machines by Jagdish Lal; Metropolitan Book Co Pvt. Ltd.
3. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by Kumar DS; SK
Kataria and Sons, Delhi
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-314 FLUID MACHINERY LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Determination of various efficiencies of Hydraulic Ram
2. To draw characteristics of Francis turbine
3. To study the constructional features of reciprocating pump and to
perform test on it for determination of pump performance
4. To draw the characteristics of Pelton Turbine
5. To draw the various characteristics of Centrifugal pump
6. Determine the effect of vane shape and vane angle on the
performance of centrifugal fan
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
PE-408 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Introduction : Concept and scope of automation: Socio economic
consideration: Low cost automation.
2. Fluid Power Control : Fluid power control elements and standard graphical
symbols. Construction and performance of fluid power generators; Hydraulic and
pneumatic cylinders - construction, design and mounting; Hydraulic and pneumatic
valves for pressure, flow and direction control: Servo valves and simple servo
systems with mechanical feedback, governing differential equation and its solution
for step position input; Basic hydraulic and pneumatic circuits.
3. Pneumatic Logic Circuits : Design of pneumatic logic circuits for a given time
displacement diagram or sequence of operations.
4. Fluidics : Boolean algebra; Truth tables; Conda effect; Fluidic elements - their
construction working and performance characteristics: Elementary fluidic circuits.
5. Transfer Devices and Feeders : their Classification : Construction details and
application of transfer devices and feeders( vibratory bowl feeder, reciprocating
tube and centrifugal hopper feeder).
6. Electrical and Electronic Controls : Introduction to electrical and electronic
controls such as electromagnetic controllers - transducers and sensors,
microprocessors, programmable logic controllers (PLC); Integration of mechanical
systems with electrical, electronic and computer systems.
7. Robotics; Introduction, classification based on geometry, devices, control and
path movement, End effectors - types and applications: Sensors - types and
applications. Concept of Robotic/Machine vision, Teach pendent.
8. Industrial Applications of Robots for material transfer, machine loading /
unloading, welding, assembly and spray painting operations.
Books
1. Fluid Power with applications by Anthony Esposito
2. Pneumatic Control by SR Majumdar
3. Robotics and Flexible Automation by SR Deb
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
PE-414 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Design and assembly of hydraulic / pneumatic circuit.
2. Study of power steering mechanism using cut piece model
3. Study of reciprocating movement of double acting cylinder using pneumatic
direction control valves
4. Use of direction control valve and pressure control valves clamping devices for jig
and fixture
5. Study of robotic arm and its configuration
6. Study the robotic end effectors
7. Study of different types of hydraulic and pneumatic valves
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
CE-216 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Unit 1 : The Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies
Definition, scope and importance
(2 Lectures)
Need for public awareness.
Unit 2 : Natural Resources :
Renewable and non-renewable resources :
Natural resources and associated problems.
a) Forest resources : Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies.
Timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal
people.
b) Water resources : Use and over-Utilization of surface and ground water,
floods, drought, conflicts and water, dams-benefits and problems.
c) Mineral resources : Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting
and using mineral resources, case studies.
d) Food resources : World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and
overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems,
water logging, salinity, case studies.
e) Energy resources : Growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable
energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Case studies.
f) Land resources : Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced
landslides, soil erosion and desertification.
���� Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources.
���� Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.
Unit 3 : Ecosystems
���� Concept of an ecosystem.
���� Structure and function of an ecosystem.
���� Producers, consumers and decomposers.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
���� Energy flow in the ecosystem.
���� Ecological succession.
���� Food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids.
���� Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the following
ecosystem :-
a. Forest ecosystem
b. Grassland ecosystem
c. Desert ecosystem
d. Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans,
estuaries)
(6 lectures)
Unit 4 : Biodiversity and its conservation
���� Introduction – Definition : genetic, species and ecosystem diversity.
���� Biogeographical classification of India
���� Value of biodiversity : consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and
option values
���� Biodiversity at global, National and local levels.
���� India as a mega-diversity nation
���� Hot-spots of biodiversity.
���� Threats to biodiversity : habitat loass, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts.
���� Endangered and endemic species of India
���� Conservation of biodiversity : In-situ conservation of biodiversity.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Unit 5 : Environmental Pollution
Definition
���� Causes, effects and control measures of :-
a. Air pollution
b. Water pollution
c. Soil pollution
d. Marine pollution
e. Noise pollution
f. Thermal pollution
g. Nuclear hazards
���� Solid waste Management : Causes, effects and control measures of urban and
industrial wastes.
���� Role of an individual in prevention of pollution.
���� Pollution case studies.
���� Disaster management : floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
(8 lectures)
Unit 6 : Social Issues and the Environment
���� From Unsustainable to Sustainable development
���� Urban problems related to energy
���� Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management
���� Resettlement and rahabilitation of people ; its problems and concerns. Case studies.
���� Environmental ethics : Issues and possible solutions.
���� Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents
and holocaust. Case studies.
���� Wasteland reclamation.
���� Consumerism and waste products.
���� Environment Protection Act.
���� Air (Preventation and Control of Pollution) Act.
���� Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act
���� Wildlife Protection Act
���� Forest Conservation Act
���� Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
���� Public awareness.
(7 lectures)
Unit 7 : Human Population and the Environment
���� Population growth, variation among nations.
���� Population explosion – Family Welfare Programme.
���� Environment and human health.
���� Human Rights.
���� Value Education.
���� HIV / AIDS
���� Women and Child Welfare.
���� Role of Information Technology in Environment and human health.
���� Case Studies.
Unit 8 : Field work
���� Visit to a local area to document environmental and river forest grassland hill
mountain.
���� Visit to a local polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural
���� Study of common plants, insects, birds.
���� Study of simple ecosystems-pond, river, hill slopes, etc. (Field work Equal to 5
lecture hours)
6th/ 7th Semester
NOTE:- Those institutes who are offering subjects in 6th semester should send their
students for 6 months industrial training in the 7th semester and the institutes who are
offering subjects in 7th semester should send their students for 6 months industrial
training in the 6th semester.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
(PROBLEM SOLVING/PROJECT ORIENTED WORK BENCH
INVOLVEMENT)
Marks- 1000
Duration
Full Sixth or Seventh Semester is meant for Industrial Training
Purpose ¨
To expose engineering students to technology development at work
places and appraise them regarding shop-floor problems ¨
To provide practical experience in solving open ended problems in real
work setting so as to cause transfer of college based knowledge and
skills to solve practical problems and thereby develop confidence in the
students in the analysis, synthesis and evaluation of practical problems
leading to creative thinking
Programme
During this work bench involvement, students will be given 3-4 practical
problems. The problems assigned should be of mutual interest to the
students and the industry. The problem may belong to 3 or 4 different
functional areas. To illustrate, following are some of the suggestions: ¨
Design of a prototype
¨ Programming of CNC machines
¨ Calibration and testing of instruments
¨ Productivity Improvement Studies
¨ Pollution control related problems
¨ Capacity Planning and Capital Budgeting
¨ Safety Management
¨ Optimum utilization of resources
¨ Conflict Management
Methodology
¨ The industrial organizations where students are to be sent for problem
solving project-oriented work bench involvement may be selected well in
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
advance
¨ The faculty of the department is expected to visit the selected industries
and identify suitable problems to be handled by students.
¨ It will be desirable that problems be matched with the interests of
students.
¨ It is recommended that a group of 5-6 students be guided by one faculty
member during this period.
Evaluation
The distribution of marks shall be as follow:
Institute-500 Marks
Industry -400 Marks
External viva -Voce- 100 Marks
The evaluation of students is proposed to be done by internal faculty with
active involvement of industrial personnel. The evaluation may be based
on following criteria:
¨ Punctuality and Attendance ¨ Interpersonal relations
¨ Sense of Responsibility
- Clarity of concepts, principles and procedures
¨ Self expression/communication skills
¨ Report Writing Skills
¨ Creativity/conceiving new and unusual ideas
¨ Problem-solving skills
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
8th Semester
ME-402 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY and ENVIOREMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 0 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives:
1. Understand importance of safety at work
2. Apply ergonomics to safety
3. Analyze industrial hazards
4. Understand various safety measures and how it leads to increasing plant
productivity.
5. Understand basics of environmental design
6 Compute heat load requirements of industrial buildings.
7. Understand various methods of solar architecture.
8. Compare the above with conventional methods
9. Understand various industrial wastes and their methods of treatment.
10. Understand ergonomics and its importance in system design.
Detailed Contents
1. Meaning & need for safety. Relationship of safety with plant design, equipment
design and work environment. Industrial accidents, their nature, types and causes.
Assessment of accident costs; prevention of accidents. Industrial hazards, Hazard
identification techniques, Accident investigation, reporting and analysis.
2. Planning for safety: Definition, purpose, nature, scope and procedure. Range of
planning, variety of plans. Policy formulation and implementation of safety policies.
3. Safety measures in a manufacturing organization, safety and economics, safety
and productivity. Employees participation in safety. Safety standards and legislation
4. Meaning of environment and need for environmental control. f factors in industry.
Effect of temperature, Illumination, humidity noise and vibrations on human body and
mind. Measurement and mitigation of physical and mental "fatigue" Basics of
environment design for improved efficiency and accuracy at work.
5. Ventilation and heat Control Purpose of ventilation. Physiology of heat regulation.
Thermal environment and its measurement. Thermal comfort. Indices of heat stress.
Thermal limits for comfort, efficiency and freedom from health risk. Natural ventilation.
Mechanical ventilation. Air conditioning Process ventilation. Control of heat
exposures: control at source, insulation, and local exhaust ventilation. Control of
radiant heat, dilution ventilation. Local relief.
6. Industrial Lighting: Purpose of lighting, benefits of good illumination. Phenomenon
of lighting and safety. Lighting and the work. Sources and types of artificial lighting.
Principles of good illumination. Recommended optimum standards of illumination.
Design of lighting installation. Maintenance standards relating to lighting and colour.
7. Noise & Vibrations: Continuous and impulse noise. The effect of noise on man.
Noise measurement and evaluation of noise. Noise isolation. Noise absorption
techniques. Silencers vibrations: Effect, measurement and control measures.
8. Environment Standards: Introduction to ISO 14000; Environment standards for
representative industries.
BOOKS:
1. Ventilation by Joselin, Edward Arnold
2. Noise Reduction by Beranek, Mcgraw Hill
3. Modern Safety and health Technology by DC Reamer; R. Wiley
4. Industrial Accident Prevention by Heinrich, HW; McGraw Hill
5. The process of Hazard Control by Firenze, RJ; Kendale
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-404 CAD/CAM
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Course Objectives
1. Understand the applications and benefits of CAD
2. Understand the various computer hardware devices
3. Understand the various software used in CAD and the functions of a graphics
package.
4. Understand geometric transformation.
5. Understand various representations of curves and surfaces.
6. Understand the various concepts and characteristics in geometric modeling.
7. Understand various data exchange formats.
8. Apply CAD techniques to finite element mesh generation.
9. Understand the basic concepts of CAM
10. Analyze the components and systems of NC and CNC machine tools.
11. Understand and apply various programming methods for specific jobs.
12. Understand the concepts of DNC and adaptive control
13. Understand the fundamentals and advantages of group technology.
14. Classify various CAPP systems.
15. Understand FMS and CIMS with reference to components, advantages and
applications.
Detailed Contents:
Course contents
1. Fundamentals of CAD: Introduction: Design Process: Application of computers in
design: Creating manufacturing database: benefits of CAD.
2. Computer Hardware; Graphic input devices; display devices; Graphics output
devices; Central processing unit (CPU)
3. CAD software and Database: Software configuration of a graphics system:
functions of a graphics package: geometric modeling: Database structure and control;
Graphics standard: GKS and IGES.
4. Geometric Transformations: Mathematics preliminaries, matrix representation of 2
and 3 dimensional transformation: Concatenation of transformation matrices.
Application of geometric transformations.
5. Representation of curves and surfaces: Polygon, meshed and ruled surfaces:
Bezier curves; B-spline curves.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
6. Geometric Modeling: Wireframe model: solid modeling: representation, volumetric
properties, surface modeling, concepts of hidden-line removal and shading:
Kinematics analysis and simulation.
7. Application of CAD techniques to finite Element Mesh Generation.
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
8. Introduction: Basic concepts of manufacturing system and CAD/CAM.
9. NC/CMNC Machine Tools; NC machine tools- basic components, coordinate
systems; features of NC machine tools. Computerized Numerical Control (CNC):
Tooling for NC machines - tool presetting equipment, flexible tooling, tool length
compensation, tool path graphics; NC motion control system; Manual part
programming, fixed/floating zero. Block format and codes: Computer assisted part
programming. DNC and Adaptive Control: Direct numerical control: Adaptive control
in machining system; Combined DNC/CNC system.
10. Group Technology (GT): Part families; part classification and coding system:
Group technology machine cells: Advantages of GT.
11. Computer Aided Process Planning: Introduction and benefits of CAPP. Types of
CAPP systems, machinability data selection systems in CAPP.
12. Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) and Computer integrated manufacturing
system: FMS and its advantages, components of a FMS system. Introduction to
CIMS.
BOOKS:
1. CAD/CAM by Groover & Simmers, Prentice Hall of India
2. Automation, Production Systems and computer integrated manufacturing by
Groover, Prentice Hall of India
3. Computer Integrated Design and Manufacturing by D.D. Bedworth, M.R
Henderson & P.M. Wolfe, Tata MCGraw Hill Pub. Co.
4. CAD/CAM - theory and Practice by Zeid Ibraham, Tata McGraw Hill Pub Co.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-410 CAD/CAM Laboratory
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
List of Experiments:
1) CAD exercises using Auto Cad software
2) Part-programming on CNC machines
3) Execution of part programme for machining given profile.
4) Programming of robots for various applications.
5) Part modeling using some of the modeling technique
6) Component assembly in CAD and generating and modifying
drawings
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-406 OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed Contents
1. Introduction : Origin of OR and its role in solving industrial problems : General
approach for solving OR problems. Classification of mathematical models : various
decision making environments.
2. Deterministic Models : Formulation of deterministic linear mathematical models :
Graphical and simplex techniques for solution of linear programming problems, Big M
method and two phase method, Introduction to duality theory and sensitivity analysis :
transportation, assignment and sequencing models; Introduction to goal
programming; Solution techniques of linear goal programming problems.
3. Probabilistic Models : Decision making under uncertainty : Maximum and minimum
models; Introduction to decision tree. Game theory : Solution of simple two person
zero-sum games :Examples of simple competitive situation.
4. Simulation: Concept general approach and application. Use of Monte-Carlo
simulation technique to queuing and inventory problems.
5. Dynamic Programming: Introduction to deterministic and probabilistic dynamic
programming. Solution of simple problems.
6. Queuing theory: Types of queuing situation : Queuing models with Poisson's input
and exponential service, their application to simple situations.
7. Replacement Models : Replacement of items that deteriorate, Replacement of
items whose maintenance and repair costs increase with time, replacement of items
that fail suddenly; replacement of items whose maintenance costs increase with time
and value of money also changes, individual replacement policy, group replacement
policy.
8. Inventory models : Classification of inventory control models : Inventory models
with deterministic demand, inventory models with probabilistic demand, inventory
models with price breaks.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
9. Network models : Shortest route and traveling sales - man problems, PERT &
CPM introduction, analysis of time bound project situations, construction of net works,
identification of critical path, slack and float, crashing of network for cost reduction,
resource leveling and smoothening.
BOOKS:
1. Principles of Operations Research HM Wagner, Prentice Hall.
2. Operations Research PK Gupta and DS Hira, S. Chand & Co.
3. Introduction to Operation Research Taha
4. Introduction to Operation Research F.S. Hiller and G.I. Libermann, Holden Ray.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-408 MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Detailed contents
1. Introduction ; Basic concepts, Methods of vibration analysis, Types of vibration,
Periodic &Harmonic vibrations .
2. undamped free vibrations, damped free vibrations and damped force vibrations of
single degree of freedom system,vibration isolation transmissibility.vibration
measuring instruments.
3.Two degrees of Freedom systems:
a) principal modes of vibrations, natural frequencies, amplitude ratio, forced
harmonic vibration .combined rectilinear & angular modes.
b) Application; Vibration absorber - principle, centrifugal pendulum vibration
absorber, torsional vibration damper, untuned viscous damper, dry friction
dampers, torsional vibration of two rotor systems.
4
a) Multi-degree of freedom systems: undamped free vibrations, influence
coefficients,generalised coordinates,orthogonality principal,matrix alteration
methods,: Rayleigh and Dunkerley, Holzer's , stodola method,Eigen values &
eigen vector
b) continuous systems: Vibration of a string, longitudinal vibrations of bars,
Euler's equation of motion for beam vibration, natural frequencies for various
end conditions, torsional vibration of circular shafts
Books:
1. Mechanical Vibrations by GK Grover, Hem chand and Bros, Roorkee
2. Mechancial Vibrations by KK Purjara, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, Delhi
3. Mechanical Vibrations by V.P.Singh,.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
ME-412 MECHANCIAL VIBRATION LAB
Internal Marks: 30 L T P
External Marks: 20 0 0 2
Total Marks: 50
1. Determine the viscosity of given fluid by single wire torsional pendulum.
2. Determine the natural frequencies of a coupled pendulum.
3. Find out the fundamental natural frequency of a cantilever beam
4. Determine the modulas of elasticity from free vibration test
5. Study of forced vibration of a two degree of freedom system under harmonic
excitation
6. Study of a dynamic absorber
7.determine coefficient of dry friction from measurement of natural frequency of
vibration of a bar resting on two disks rotating in opposite direction
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Detailed Syllabus:
Group-I
DE/ME-1.1 I. C. Engines
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction to IC Engines: Definition of engine; Heat Engine, Historical Development
of IC Engines, Classification & Nomenclature, Application of IC Engines, Air Standard
Cycle, Carnot Cycle, Sterling Cycle, Ericson Cycle, Otto Cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual
Cycle, Thermodynamics Analysis of these cycles.
Actual Working of I.C. Engine: Working of 4 stroke petrol & diesel engines and their
valve timing diagram, working of 2-stroke petrol & diesel engines & their valve timing
diagrams, comparison of two stroke & four stroke engines, Actual working of 2 & 4
stroke gas engine and their valve diagram. Fuel Air Cycles and their analysis:
Introduction to fuel air cycles and their significance, composition of cylinder gases,
variable specific heats, Dissociation, effect of no. of moles, comparison of air
standards & fuel air cycles, effect of operating variable like compression ratio, fuel air
ratio, actual cycles and their analysis; Difference between Actual and Fuel-Air Cycle,
Actual and Fuel-Air Cycles for S.I. and C.I. Engines.
IC Engine Fuels: Introduction, types of fuels, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, chemical
structure of petroleum, petroleum refining process, important qualities of S.I. & C.I.
Engine fuels and their rating. Combustion of fuels; Calorific valves of fuels,
theoretical determination of CV of fuel, combustion equation for hydrocarbon fuels,
determination of minimum air required for combustion, conversions of volumetric
analysis of mass analysis, Determination of air supplied from volumetric analysis of
Dry flue gases, Determination of excess air supplied , Determination of % of carbon
in fuel burning to CO & CO2 , Determination of minimum quantity of air supplied to
gaseous
Fuel Supply System: Fuel Supply System and fuel pumps, properties of air fuel
mixture, a sample carburetor an its working, approximate analysis of simple
carburetor, Actual air fuel ratio of single jet carburetor, Exact analysis of single jet
carburetor, ideal requirements from a carburetor, limitations of single jet carburetor,
different devices used to meet the requirements of an ideal carburetor. Different
modern carburetors, introduction to petrol injection, fuel injection systems for C.I.
Engines: classification of injection systems, injection pump, injection pump governor,
mechanical governor, fuel injection systems, injection pump Governor, Mechanical
Governor, Fuel Injector, Nozzle, Injection of S.I. Engines, Fuel Filters.
Combustion in S.I. Engines: Introduction, Stages of Combination in S.I. Engine,
Flame font propagation, factor influencing the flame speed, ignition lag and factors
affecting the lag, Abnormal combustion and knocking, control and measurement of
knock, rating of S.I. Engine fuels and anti knock agents, combustion chambers of S.I.
Engines
Supercharging: Introduction, purpose of supercharging, type of superchargers,
analysis of superchargers, performance of superchargers, Arrangement of
Supercharger and its installation, Turbo charged engines, supercharging of S.I. & C.I.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Engines. Limitations of supercharging.
Measurement and Testing: Measurement of friction horse power, brake horse power,
indicated horse power, measurement of speed, air consumption, fuel consumption,
heat carried by cooling water, heat carried by the exhaust gases, heat balance sheet,
governing of I.C. Engines, performance characteristics of I.C. Engines: Performance
parameters, performance of S.I. Engines, performance of C.I. Engine, Engine
performance maps
Books:
8. Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan, Prentice Hall of India
9. A Course in Internal Combustion Engines by Damundwar by Dhanpath Rai &
Sons
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.2CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
PART - I
Hours Topic
1. History of cryogenic engineering; application of cryogenics
2. Properties of Oxygen, Nitrogen and Argon, and Hydrogen, Helium and rare gases
3. Thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of engineering materials at low
temperature: 167 Introduction to the phenomenon of superconductivity and its
applications
PART - II
3. Thermodynamics of ideal liquefaction cycles; Joule-Thomson effect 3 Linde cycle;
prncooled linde cycle; exercise
4. Claude, Heylandt, and kapitza cycles; exercises
5. Liquification of hydrogen and helium
PART-III
Heat exchangers and definition of effectiveness
1 Coiled tube (hampson type) and brazed Aluminum heat exchangers
2 Cryogenic expansion engines and turbines
PART -V
1. Principal of binary Distillation
2. linde signal & double column system
PART -IV
3. Types of cryogenic insulation: foam, fibre, powder vacuum
1. Liquid cryogen storage vessels and cryogen transfer line;
PART -VII
2.Measurement of temperature: gas and vapour pressure Thermometers,
thermocouple, RTD and semiconductor sensors;
PART -VIII
3. Safety in cryogenic systems fir, asphyxiation, cold burns and pressure problems
Books
1. Cryogenic Systems by Randall Barron
2. Cryogenci Research amd Applications Marshall Sitting and Stephen Kidd D.Van
Norstad Company, Inc.USA
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.3 NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
a) Introduction: Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, their
availability and growth in India; energy consumption as a measure of Nation's
development; strategy for meeting the future energy requirements
2. Solar Energy: Solar radiation - beam and diffuse radiation; earth sun angles,
attenuation and measurement of solar radiation; Optical properties of materials and
selective surfaces; Principles, general description and design procedures of flat
Platte and concentrating collectors; Performance analysis of cylindrical and parabolic
collectors; Solar energy storage systems - their types, characteristics and capacity;
solar ponds. Applications of solar energy in water, space and process heating, solar
refrigeration and air conditioning; water desalination and water pumping; solar
thermal power generation; solar cells and batteries; economic analysis of solar
systems
3. Wind Energy: Principle of wind energy conversion; Basic components of wind
energy conversion systems; wind mill components, various types and their
constructional features; design considerations of horizontal and vertical axis wind
machines: analysis of accodynamic forces acting on wind mill blades and estimation
of power output; wind data and site selection considerations
4. Direct energy conversion systems:
i) Magnetic Hydrodynamic (MHD) Generator: gas conductivity and MHD equations;
operating principle, types and working of different MHD systems – their relative
merits; MHD materials and production of magnetic fields.
ii) Thermo-electric generators: Thermo-electric effects and materials; thermo-electric
devices and types of thermo-electric generators; thermo-electric refrigeration.
iii) Thermionic generators: thermoionic emission and materials; working principle of
thermionic convertors
iv) Fuel Cells: thermodynamic aspects; types, components and working of fuel cells.
v) Performance, applications and economic aspects of above mentioned direct
energy conversions systems
5. Miscellaneous Non-Conventional energy Systems:
i) Bio-mass: Concept of bio-mass conversion, photo-synthesis and bio-gasification;
Bio gas generators and plants - their types constructional features and functioning;
digesters and their design; Fuel properties of bio gas and community bio gas plants
ii) Geothermal: Sources of geothermal energy - types, constructional features and
associated prime movers.
iii) Tidal and wave energy: Basic principles and components of tidal and wave energy
plants; single basin and double basin tidal power plants; conversion devices
Advantages/disadvantages and applications of above mentioned energy systems.
Books
1. Solar Energy : Fundamentals and Applications by H.P. Garg & Jai Prakash, Tata
McGraw Hill
2. Soar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage by SP Sukhatme, Tata
McGraw Hill
3. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes by Duffic and Beckman, John Wiley
4. Energy Conversion by Chang; Prentice Hall
5. Direct Energy Conversion by Soo; Prentice Hall
6. Fuel Cells by Bockris and Srinivasan; McGraw Hill
7. Magneto Hydrodynamics by Kuliovsky and Lyubimov, Addison
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.4 ENERGY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Need for energy conservation, its potentials, fiscal incentives, primary energy
sources such as coal, gas, oil, nuclear fuel
Optimum use of prime movers for power generation such as team turbines,
gas turbines, diesel and gas engines, energy intensive industries i.e. iron and
steel, aluminum, pulp and paper, textile and oil refineries and their energy usage
pattern.
Plant Good house keeping measures in air conditioning boilers, combustion
system, steam, furnaces and general awareness, Energy audit, methodology
and analysis, Energy conservation case studies in air conditioning, boiler and burners
Waste heat recovery systems i.e. recuperates economizers waste heat boilers,
heat pipe heat exchangers regenerators etc. energy storage systems thermal
storage, insulation, refractory, specialized processes such as Dielectric &
micro wave heating, electronic beam welding, Fluidized bed technology,
laser as a welding tool, Alternative sources of energy.
Text Books
9. Industrial Energy Conservation Handbook, D.A., Oxford Press, London
2. Energy Conservation Handbook, Utility Publication Ltd., Hyderabad
3. Richard Greene, Process Energy conservation (Chemical Engineering),
McGraw-Hill Publication Co., New York.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.5 FLUID MECHANICS-II
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Potential Flow
Stream function and velocity potential functions for standard flow patterns uniforms
flow, source/sink, doublet and free vortex ; combination of uniform flow with certain
flows to obtain flow patterns of various shapes such as flow past a half body, a
cylinder, a Rankine oval body, and a cylinder with circulation : Kutta joukowski
Theorem-lift on a cylinder.
2. Viscous Flow
Navier Stokes equation of motion; Relationship between shear stress and pressure
gradient; two dimensional laminar flow between two fixed parallel planes ; Plain
Couette flow and its application to hydro-dynamic theory of lubrication.
3. Turbulence
Fluctuation velocity components; intensity and scale of turbulence; Reynolds
equations and turbulence modeling.
4. Boundary Layer
Salient features of flow pattern in a boundary layer; Velocity and shear stress
distribution along the boundary; Von-Karman momentum integral equation,
Quantitative correlation for boundary layer thickness, local skin friction coefficient and
drag coefficient in laminar, turbulent and laminar turbulent combined boundary layer
flows on a flat plate without pressure gradient; flow over a courved surface boundary
layer separation and its control.
5. Flow Around Immersed Bodies
Concept of friction, pressure, wave and induced drag- lift and drag coefficients;
variation of drag coefficient with Reynolds number for two dimensional bodies (flat
plate, circular cylinder) ; Vortex shedding from cylindrical bodies; effect of
streamlining ; drag coefficient versus Reynolds number for flow past axisymmetric
bodies (sphere) ; Terminal velocity ; Lift of an airfoil ; Airfoil of finite length-effect on
drag and lift ; Downwash and induced drag.
6. Compressible Flow
Wave propagation and sonic velocity; Mach number, Limits of incompressibility and
compressible flow regimes; pressure field due to a moving source of disturbance,
Mach cone and Mach angle. Basic equations for one-dimensional compressible flow;
static and stagnation values; Isentropic flow relations; compressibility correction
factor. Isentropic flow through a duct of varying cross-section, mass flow rate and
choking in a converging passage. Normal shock and change in flow properties
across a normal shock wave.
Books
1. Mechanics of Fluids by Massey BS, ELBS and Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
2. Fluid Mechanics by Pao HF Richard ; John Wiley and Sons.
3. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering by Kumar DS; SK Kataria and
Sons, Delhi.
4. Fluid Mechanics by Douglas JF., Gasionckw, and Swaffield JP ; Pitman.
5. Fluid Mechanics by Streeter VL and Wylie EB : McGraw Hill International.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.6 SOLAR ENERGY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Solar Flux and Weather Data :
Introduction, Solar Constant, Spectrum of sun, Diurnal Variation of Direct Sunlight,
Height variation of direct sunlight. Standard Atmosphere, Zenith Distance Flux
Variation, Geographical distribution of sun-shine and effects of weather on Solar
Flux. Introduction to solar Flux observation, Instruments such as pyranometer,
Phyrheliometer and Sunshine Recorder, Correlation between direct and total
Insulation, Solar flux variation dynamic, Correlation of sunshine with Wind Velocity,
Environmental Thermal Infrared Flux and ETIR Model.
Solar Availability:-
Introduction, Zenith Distance Vs time, Time of sunrise and sun-set fully Tracking
collector, Variation of flux curves with latitude and geometry, Introduction tom Fixed
Flat plate (horizontal, latitude Tilted, fixed latitude + 15°, Vertical South-facing,
seasonally Tilted) N-S and horz, east west tracking and N-S polar east west tracking,
East west horz and N-S tracking, Comparison of theoretical curves with observation,
comparison of daily output; Peak flux Vs Average flux,
Heat Transfer in Solar Collectors :
Introduction, Heat Losses in a Distributed Collector system. The Liquid Transfer
Module System, Solar Heat Availability, Fluid Mechanics, Fluid Properties,
Temperature Rise, Solar Flux, Pressure Drop Relations, Reynolds Number, Ratio of
Power Expended to Power Generated, Magnitude of Power Output/Input Ratio,
Parametric Relationships for Fluid Transfer, Variation of Output/Input Ratio with Solar
Flux. Air-Transfer Systems, Air Heat Transfer in Terms of Volume Rate of Flow,
Typical Evaluation Situation. Alternative Forms of the Heat-Rise Equation, Effect of
Changing Heat-Transfer Fluid, Heat Transfer in Evacuated Collectors,
Thermodynamic Utilization of Collected Energy, Evacuated Collectot Trade offs.
Linear Absorber with Air Radiation Suppression Using Honeycombs Convection
Suppression Using Honey-combs, Heat Pipes, Heat Transfer alongh Thin Sheets,
Differential Thermal Expansion, Problems.
Flat-Plate Collectors:
Introduction, Basic Collector Configurations, Diurnal Temperature, Profile, Thermal
Inertia U-Factor, Collector Heat Balances. Sample Calculation, Surface Temperature.
Efficiency versus-Temperature Curves, General Properties of an efficiency Vs
Change and Temperature, The Bare Collector; Single –Window Collector, Double
Window Collector Improvement of Performance, Geometrical Suppression of
Convection, Window Temperature. Effect of Selective Absorber Surface, Selective
Windows Facing Selective Surface Combination of Absorber and selective windows,
Comparison of Thermal Behaviour for Selective Windows, Window Absorption Non
reflection Coated Window, Variation of Efficiency with Solar Flux, Evacuated,
Cooling, Selective Radioactive Cooling, Cylindrical Collector Structure Flat-Plate
Collector performance, Solar Ponds, Problems
Energy Storage:
Introduction, Basic System Diagram, Peaking Effect of Back up Demands, Energy
Storage, Hydrostorage Chemical Batteries Flywheels Chemical Storage,
Compressed Air, Biological Storage, Thermal Storage, Sensible-Heat Storage,
Latent-Heat Storage, Salt Eutectics, Zoned Thermal Storage Fluid Tank, Rock
Thermal Storage Tank, Thermal Storage Tank Farm, Heat Management with and
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
without Phase Change, Thermal inertia, Calculation of Detailed Performance,
Problems.
Application of Solar Energy (History and Survey Application) Community Heating &
Cooling system, Solar Water pumping, Solar gas absorption refrigeration, MEC
Cooling system, Two stage evaporative cooling etc.
Direct Conversion to Electricity:
Introduction, Direct conversion by Means of Solar Ce4lls, Silicon Cells, Manufacture
of Silicon Cells, Efg Ribbon Silicon Cells Polycry Stalline silicon cells, Cadmium
sulfide Solar Cells, Manufacture of Cadmium Sulfide Cells Gallium Arsenide Solar
Cells, Thermal Behaviors of Solar Cells Cooled Solar Cells for Concentrating
System. Thermo-electric Solar Cells, Thermonic Solar Cells, Phase-Change Thermal
Direct Conversion, Problems.
Books
1. An Introduction to Applied Solar Energy: Aden B.Meinel & Marjoric P.Meinel.
2. Hand Book of Solar Energy : Jan F.Kreider & Fran K, Kreith.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.7 Heat Exchanger Design
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction: Classification, types and applications of heat Exchangers, Heat
Exchanger Design methodology, Selection of Heat Exchangers
Single Phase Heat Exchangers: LMTD and NTU methods, Rating and sizing
methods, design criteria, geometry, process parameters, pressure drops and
applications
Two Phase Heat Exchangers: Types of Boiling, Boiling mechanisms, two phase flow
boiling pressure drop
Condensation Mechanism, types of condensers and design procedures, Evaporators,
Reboilers, Multiple effect evaporators, Design procedures, Liquid chillers, kettle,
thermosyphen and forced circulation Reboilers, Augmented surface heat
Exchangers, Heat transfer coefficients, pressure drops, compact heat exchangers
and air coolers, plate heat exchangers and plate fine heat exchangers
Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers: Types and design procedure and applications
Installation, Operation and Maintenance: Fouling factors, type of fouling and cleaning
methods
Mechanical Considerations: Codes and Standards, Mechanical design requirements
and materials
Books
1. Saunders EAD, Heat Exchangers Selection Design and Construction Longman
Scientific and Technical John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York
2. Kern D.Q. Process Heat Transfer International Edition Mc. Graw Hill Book
Company Singapore
3. Holman J.P Heat Transfer 8th Edition Mc. Graw Hill Book Company Singapore
4. Gupta J.P Fundamentals of Heat Exchangers and Pressure Vessels Technology
Hemisphere Publishing Corporation New York
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.8 POWER PLANT ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction: Energy sources for generation of electric power, Principles types of
power plants-their special features and applications, Present status and future
trends.
Hydro-Electric Power Plants: Classifications, Components and their general layout,
Hydroelectric survey, rainfall run-off, hydrograph, flow duration curve, mass curve,
storage capacity, Site selection.
Steam Power Plant: General Introduction, Developing trends, Essential features, Site
Selection, Coal-its storage, preparation, handling, feeding and burning, Ash handling,
dust collection, High pressure boilers.
Diesel and Gas Turbine Power Plants: Field of use, components, Plant layout,
Comparison with stream power plants, Operation of combined steam and gas power
plants.
Nuclear Power Plant: Nuclear fuels, nuclear energy, Main components of nuclear
power plant, Nuclear reactors-types and applications, Radiation shielding,
Radioactive waste disposal, Safety aspects.
Power Plant Economics: Load curves, terms and conditions, Effect of load on power
plant design, methods to meet variable load, prediction of load, cost of electric
energy, Selection of types of generation and generating equipment, Performance and
operating characteristics of power plants, Load division among generators and prime
movers, Tariff methods of electric energy.
Non-Conventional Power Generation: Geothermal power plants, Tidal power plants,
Wind power plants, Solar power plants, Electricity from city refuge.
Direct Energy Conversion Systems: Thermoelectric conversion system, Thermionic
conversion system, Photo voltaic power system, Fuel Cells, Magneto-hydrodynamic
system.
Text Books
P.K.Nag, Plant Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
Nagpal, Power Plant Engineering,Khanna Publishers, New Delhi
Arora, Domkundwar, Power Plant Engineering, Dhanpat Rai * Sons, New Delhi
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-1.9 GAS DYNAMICS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Basic concepts of Gas Dynamics and Gas Properties:
Definition: Units and dimensions. The concepts of continuous, properties of the
continuum. Methods of describing fluid motion, Lagrangian method. Eulerian Method.
The integral form of the equations of Conservations of Mass. Momentum and energy
as applied to Control Volumes, applications to the study flow of inviscid compressible
fluids.
b) Fundamentals Equations Study of One Dimensional Flow :
Continuity equation, the momentum equation, the dynamic equation and Euller’s
equation. Bernoulli’s equation, thrust function, steady flow energy equation.
c) Isentropic Flow:
Introduction, Acoustic velocity, Mach number, Mach line and Mach angle.
Classification of flows, Karman’s rules supersonic flow, flow parameters, Critical
conditions stagnation values.
d) Flow in Ducts with Heating or Cooling:
Stagnation temp. change, governing equations, Rayleigh lines, choking effects in
simple to change. Maximum heat transfer.
e) Flow in constant- Area Ducts with friction:
Friction loss, the friction parameter, Fannolines, effect of the increase of inlet Mach
number and duct length. Chocking due to friction.
Isothermal flow through long ducts.
f) Normal Shock Waves:
Formation of shock waves, weak waves, compression waves. Governing relations of
the Normal shock, Pressure. Temperature, Density, Mach number across shock.
g) Oblique shocks: Oblique shock equations, shock geometry, shock polars.
h) Flow through Nozzles:
The Converging diverging nozzle, area ratio for complete expansion, effect of varying
back pressure on nozzle flow. Under-expansion and over-expansion in nozzle flow.
Losses in nozzle.
i) Flow through Diffusers:
Classification of diffusers, internal compression subsonic diffuser, velocity gradient,
effect of friction and area change, the conical internal-compression subsonic diffuser,
external compression subsonic diffuser, supersonic diffuser, normal shock
supersonic diffuser, the converging diverging supersonic diffuser.
j) Introduction to Multidimensional Flow:
The equation of continuity, the momentum equations, Bernoulli,s equation, the
energy equation, Navier-Stock’ Equations, Potential Flow.
Books
i. Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid flow by Shaprio.
ii. Computational Gas Dynamics by Culbert B. Laney, Cambridge
University Press
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Group-II
DE/PE-2.0 Non Traditional Machining Processes
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Modern Machining Processes: An Overview, trends in Manufacturing machining,
transfer machining, flexible machining system, computer integrated manufacturing
Advanced Mechanical Processes:
Ultrasonic machining and Abrasive Flow Machining-elements of process,
Applications and limitations
Electrochemical & Chemical Removal Processes:
Principle of operation, elements and applications of Electrochemical Machining,
Electrochemical grinding, Electrochemical deburring, Electrochemical honing,
Chemical Machining:
Thermal Metal Removal Processes:
Electric Discharge Machining- Mechanism of metal removal, , electrode feed control,
die electric fluids flushing, selection of electrode material, applications. Plasma Arc
Machining- Mechanism of metal removal, PAM parameters, Equipment's for unit,
safety precautions and applications. Laser Beam machining- Material removal,
limitations and advantages. Hot machining- method of heat, Applications and
limitations. Electon-Beam Machining-, Generation and control of electon beam,
process capabilities and limitations
Hybrid Machining Processes: concept, classification, application, Advantages
Books:
15. Modern Machining Processes by P.C. Panday and H.S. Shan,
Tata Mc Graw Hill
16. Fundamentals of Machining and Machine Tools by G. Boothroyd
and W.A. Knight, Mareel Dekker Inc.
17. Non traditional Manufacturing Processes, G.F. Benedict, Marcel
Dekker Inc.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/PE-2.1 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction: Definition and scope of industrial engineering Role of an industrial
engineering Role of an industrial engineer in industry, Functions of industrial
engineering department and its organization, Qualities of an industrial engineer.
2. Plant Layout and Material Handling: Different types of layouts viz. Product,
process and combination layouts, Introduction to layouts based on the GT, JIT and
cellular manufacturing systems, Development of plant layout. Types of material
handling equipment, relationship of material handling with plant layouts.
3. Work-study: Areas of application of work study in industry; Method study and work
measurements and their inter-relationship. Reaction of management and labour to
work study; Role of work study in improving plant productivity and safety.
4. Method Study : Objectives and procedure for methods analysis: Select, Record,
Examine, Develop, Define, Install and Maintain. Recording techniques, Micromotion
and macro-motion study: Principles of motion economy, Normal work areas and work
place design.
5. Work Measurement : Objectives, Work measurement techniques - time study,
work sampling, pre-determined motion time standards (PMTS) Determination of time
standards. Observed time, basic time, normal time, rating factors, allowances,
standard time.
6. Value Engineering : Types of values, concept of value engineering, phases of
value engineering studies, application of value engineering.
7. Work design : Concepts of job enlargement, job enrichment and job rotation.
Effective job design considering technological and behavior factors.
8. Ergonomics : Introduction to ergonomic considerations in designing man-machine
systems with special reference to design of displays and controls.
Books
1. Introduction to Work study by Gayler Shotbolt
2. Industrial Engineering & Management by Hicks, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
3. Product Design and Development by Ulrich, Tata McGraw Hill, N. Delhi
4. Work study and Ergonomics by Suresh Dalela and Saurabh, Standard Publishers.
5. Motion and time study by R. Bernes, John-Wiley & Sons
6. Ergonomics at work, by D.J. Oborne, John Wiley & Sons.
6. Techniques of Value Analysis and Engineering by Miles, McGraw Hill.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/PE-2.2 MODELING AND SIMULATION
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Modeling
Need for system modeling, systems approach to modeling, open and feed back
systems, combination of simple feed back systems, feed back time lag effects, feed
back and managerial systems
Production and Operations Management
Principle of analytical modeling, kinds of analytical methods, measures of
effectiveness, cost analysis large systems
Simulation
Monte Carlo simulation, generation of stochastic variates, continuous and discrete
probability distributions, application of Monte Carlo methods for production systems,
computer simulation models, Macro Dynamic models, examples from business and
industry, design of management game, Simulation languages SIMULA, SIMSCRIPT,
GPSS etc. Statistical output analysis
Analog computer simulation; basic analog computer components and operations;
amplitude and time scaling; solution of linear and non-linear partial differential
equations, formulation of model for a dynamic system and its simulation on analog
computer
Books
1. System Simulation with Digital Computer: Deo Narsingh PHI
2. System Simulation: Gordon, PHI
3. Analog Computation : Jackson A.S. Mcgraw hill
4. Computer Simulation Techniques : Naylor T.H. et. al. John wiley
5. Modern Production Management: Buffa Wiley
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.3 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
NEED AND SCOPE OF OPERATION MANAGEMENT: Types of production system
and their characteristics, productivity definition, types and measurements
PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT: Steps involved in product design and
development, considerations of technical, ergonomic, aesthetic, economic and time
factors. Use of concurrent engineering in product design and development.
Discussion of case studies. Feasibility and locational analysis.
PLANNING AND FORECASTING: Role of market survey and market research in
pre-planning, long medium and short range forecasting, objective and techniques of
forecasting, smoothening and revision of forecast
PRODUCTION PLANNING: Production planning objective and functions, Bill of
material, Capacity and man power requirement planning, operation analysis and
process planning, long range planning, aggregate planning; Objective, Strategies,
graphical and mathematical techniques of aggregate planning, master production
scheduling, MRP and MRPII Systems
PRODUCTION CONTROL: Capacity control and priority control, production control
functions; Routing, scheduling, dispatching, expediting and follow up. Techniques of
production control in job shop production, batch production and mass production
systems,
MATERIAL MANAGEMENT: Objectives, scope and functions of material
management, planning, procurement, storing, ending and inventory control. Purpose
of inventory, inventory cost, inventory control systems, Selective inventory control
systems, Determination of EOQ, Lead time and reorder point. Methods of physical
stock control
QUALITY CONTROL: Meaning of quality and quality control, quality of design,
quality of conformance and quality of performance, functions of quality control.
Introduction to statistical quality control-control charts and sampling plans
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS: Introduction to MIS, Steps in designing
MIS, Role of Computers in MIS
MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS: Type of maintenance, objective of maintenance,
Planned maintenance strategies, preventive maintenance, condition monitoring and
total productive maintenance
BOOKS:
10. Production and Operation Management by Charry Tata-McGraw Hill
11. Production/Operation Management by J.G. Monks Tata-McGraw Hill
12. Management of systems by R.N. Nauhria and Rajnish Prakash, Wheeler
Publishing, New Delhi
13. Modern Production Management by Elwood Buffa
14. Statistical Quality Control by E. L. Grant and R.S. LeavenWorth McGraw Hill
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction
Classification of techniques of material testing, Need and Significance of Non
Destructive Testing methods, type of Non Destructive testing methods,
Radiographic Examination
Radiant energy and radiography, practical applications, X-ray and Gamma –ray
equipment, effect of variables on radiographs, requirement of a good radiograph,
interpretation of radiograph, safety precautions, Xeroradiography
Magnaflux methods
Basic principles, scope and applications, magnetic analysis of steel bars and tubing
magnetization methods, equipment, inspection medium, preparation of surfaces
Fluorescent Penetration inspection, Demagnetization
Electrical and ultrasonic Methods
Basic principles, flaw detection in rails and tubes (Sperry Detector), Ultrasonic testing
surface roughness, moisture in wood, Detection of defects in ferrous and non ferrous
metals, plastics, ceramics, measurement of thickness, hardness, stiffness, sonic
material analyzer, proof tests, concrete test hammer
Photoelasticity
Concept and applications of Plane and circular polarization, Photostress, models,
Books
The testing of Engg materials H.E. Davies, G.E Troxell, GFW Hauck. Mc Graw Hill
Publishers
Mechanical Inspection by W.H Armstrong Mc Graw Hill Publishers
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.5 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Quality and Total Quality Management; Excellence im manufacturing/service,
factors of excellence, relevance of TQM.
2. Concept and definition of quality; total quality control (TQC) and Total Quality
Management (TQM), salient features of TQC and TQM. Total Quality Management
Models, benefits of TQM.
3. Just-in-time (JIT): Definition: Elements, benefits, equipment layout for JIT system,
Kanban system MRP (Material Requirement planning) vs JIT system, Waste
elimination, workers involvement through JIT: JIT cause and effect chain, JIT
implementation.
4. Customer: Satisfaction, data collection and complaint, redressal mechanism.
5. Planning Process: Policy development and implementation; plan formulation and
implementation.
5.Process Management: Factors affecting process management, Quality function
development (QFD), and quality assurance system.
7. Total Employees Involvement (TEI): Empowering employees: team building;
quality circles; reward and Recognition; education and training, Suggestion schemes.
8. Problems solving Defining problem; Problem identification and solving process;
QC tools.
9. Benchmarking definition, concept, process and types of benchmarking.
10. Quality Systems: Concept of quality system standards: relevance and origin of
ISO 9000; Benefits; Elements of ISO 9001, ISO 9002, ISO 9003.
11. Advanced techniques of TQM: Design of experiments: failure mode effect
analysis: Taguchi methods
BOOKS:
1. Total Quality Management by sunder Raju, Tata Mcgraw Hill
2. TQM for engineers by M.Zairi, Aditya Books
3. Total Quality Management Handbook by J.L. Hradeskym MCGraw Hill
4. ISO 9000 quality System by Dalela and Saurabh, standard Publishers
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.6 MAINTENANCE AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
7. Introduction: Objective and characteristics of maintenance function; Organization
of the maintenance system; Operating practices in maintenance. Maintenance record
keeping.
2. Cost Aspect of Maintenance: Costs of machine breakdown; estimation of life cycle
costs; Application of work measurement in maintenance; Manpower planning and
training, Incentive payments for maintenance
8. Planning of Maintenance Activities: Evaluation of alternative maintenance policies
breakdown, preventive and predictive maintenance; fault diagnosis and condition
monitoring techniques; simulation of alternative practices; Development of preventive
maintenance schedule; House keeping practices; total productive maintenance
4. Maintenance Engineering: Maintenance requirements of mechanical, electrical,
process and service equipment; Safety aspect in maintenance; Aspect of lubrication;
chemical control of corrosion; Computerized maintenance information systems
5. Reliability concept and definition, configuration of failure data, various terms used
in failure data analysis in mathematical forms, component and system failures, ;uses
of reliability concepts in design and maintenance of different system.
15.Reliability and Availability of Engineering systems: Quantitative estimation of
reliability of parts; Reliability of parallel and series elements; Accuracy and
confidence of reliability estimation; Statistical estimation of reliability indices; Machine
failure pattern; Breakdown time distribution
7. Reliability improvement; Reliability in design, reliability in engg, systems, systems
with spares, reliability simulation, redundant and stand by systems, confidence
levels, component improvement element, unit and standby redundancy optimization
and reliability-cost trade off. Fault Tree Analysis: Introduction and importance, fault
tree construction, reliability calculations from fault tree, tie set and cut set methods,
event tree and numerical problems.
Books
1. Maintenance Engineering Handbook by Higgins LR
2. Principles of Planned Maintenance by Clifton, RH
3. Industrial Maintenance by Garg HP; S. Chand and Co
4. Maintenance Planning control by A Kelly (Indian ED)
5.Reliability Engineering by LS Srinath
6. Reliability Engg. Sinha S.k.Wiley EAstern.
7. Reliability Engg., Lewis, John Wiley.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.7 MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
16. Introduction Meaning, definition, functions of materials management, Concept of
integrated material management, Relationship of material management with other
Organizational functions.
2. Material Planning & Budgeting: Need for material planning, Factors affecting
material planning, Techniques of material planning; Material classification,
codification and standardization; Material budgeting - meaning and need, techniques
of material budgeting.
3. Inventory Control: Need and meaning of inventory, types of inventory, functions of
inventory control, Inventory costs, Inventory control tool - ABC, VED, XYZ and FSN:
Economic order Quantity and replenishment of stocks. Physical control of inventory:
Fixed order, Two bin and Kardex systems - Material requirement planning (MRP-I)
Spare parts control for maintenance purposes. Evaluation of inventory control
performance. Concept of Just-in-Time( JIT). Use of computers for inventory control
9. Purchasing: Purchasing principles, procedures and systems, Functions of
purchasing, Make-or-buy decision, Vendor development and vendor rating. Factors
affecting purchase decisions, Legal aspects of purchasing, Documentation and
procedure for import.
5.Storage: Functions and importance of store keeping, types of stores, store
accounting and store verification, Legal aspects of store keeping, Management of
surplus, scrap and obsolete items. Importance of material handling in store keeping,
handling equipment.
Books
1. Materials Management by M.M Verma, S. Chand and Sons
2. Material Management - An Integrated Approach by gopal Krishnan and
sundaresan : Prentice Hall
3. Purchasing and materials management by Dobbler and Burt; Tata McGraw
Hill
4. Inventory control by Starr and Miller
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.8 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
10. Information and Decision Making: Concept of information; data versus
information, characteristics of information, classification of information, cost and
value of information, Use of information in the decision making process, information
requirements for decision making, types of decisions, decision making process,
decision making models role of information system, decision support systems, expert
systems.
2. Management Information Systems (MIS) Concept, Characteristics and importance
of management information systems, types of information systems role of computers
in management information systems, hierarchy of data processing systems,
operating elements of MIS, information needs of MIS, storage and retrieval of data
processing, functions of information systems, management reports. Analysis and
design cycle for MIS. Various approaches to system analysis and design. Strategic
and project Planning for MIS, analysis and design, matching mission, objectives and
plans of MIS with business plans, project planning for MIS, Conceptual system
design, Detailed system design, Implementation, Evaluation and Maintenance of
MIS.
11. Computer Networks and Data Communication Computer network : Local Area
networks; characteristics topologies network structures, switching networks, OSI
standards for multi vendor network. I.A.N standards, application of networks, Data
Communication concepts, types and modes of transmission, hardware requirements,
communication controllers, Data Communication software, data communication
protocol
4. Data Base Management Systems: Introduction, data base designing, relational
data base management system. Introduction to computerized data base
management system.
Books
1. Information systems for Modern Management by Mudrick, Ross and Clagget
Prentice Hall.
2. Management Information systems by Davis and Olson McGraw Hill
3. Information systems for management by Lucas McGraw Hill
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-2.9 ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1.CONCEPT OF LENTREPRENEURSHIP:
Entrepreneurship and small scale industry, need for promotion of entrepreneurship,
entrepreneurship development programmes (EDP), personality characteristics of
entrepreneur.
2. IDENTIFICATION OF ;INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
Governmental regulatory framework, industrial policy, industrial development and
regulation act, regulation of foreign collaboration and investment, foreign exchange
regulation act, incentives for export oriented units, incentives for units in industrially
backward areas, incentives for small scale industry, government assistance to SSI,
how to start and SSI, list of items reserved for SSI, Scouting for project ideas,
preliminary screening, project identification for an existing company.
3. MARKET AND DEMAND ANALYSIS:
Information required for market and demand analysis, market survey, demand for
ecasting, uncertainties demand forecasting.
4. COST OF PROJECT AND MEANS OF FINANCING:
Cost of project, means of financing, planning the capital structure of a new company,
term loan financial institutions, cost of production.
5. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT:
Concept and definition of financial management types of capital, of finance, reserve
and surplus, concepts and liabilities, profit and loss statement balance sheet,
depreciation, methods of calculating depreciation break even analysis and
BOOKS:
1. E.D.I. Ahmedabad, Publication regarding Entrepreneurship.
2. Project Preparation, Appraisal Budgeting and Implementation, Prasanna chandra,
TMH.
3. Entrepreneurship, TTTI
4. Entrepreneurial Development, C.S.Gupta & N.P.Srinivasan.
5. Entrepreneurship Development Practice & Planning, S.Chand.
6. Entrepreneurship of Small Scale Industries. M.U.Deshpanda C.B.I.
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
Group-III
DE/PE-3.0 PRODUCT DESIGN & DEVLOPMENT
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
VISUAL DESIGN:
Basic elements and concept of visual design-line color, Balance proportion, Size
shape mass, unity and variety, Special relationships and composition in two and
three dimensions.
FORM & COLOR
Elementary forms their characteristics and significance in design. Form transition,
Form in relation to ergonomics, material and manufacturing process, color as an
element of design, color clarification dynamics, interrelation of colors, colors and
traditions; Psychological use of color form and material.
PRODUCT GRAPHICS:
Meaning and objectives of product graphics. Basic principles of graphic design,
Visual communication aspects of product graphics, Graphics of displays and control
panels,
PRODUCT DETALING:
Standard fastening and joining details in different materials; Temporary and
permanent joints: Detailing for plastic products, Detailing for fabricated products in
sheet metal.
PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT:
Definition and objective, Role of designer in product development. Manufacturing and
economic aspects of product development, Product promotions, product
developments,
BOOKS:
1. Mayall W.H., “Industrial Design for Engineers” London Liifee Books Ltd. 1967
2. Dale Huchingson R “New Horizons for Human Factors in Design ” McGraw Hill
Company 19811.Indistrial Design-Mayall
3. Engineering Design- Svensson.
4,. Engineering Design-Matousek
5. Mccormick K.J. (Ed) “Human Factor Engineering ” 4th edition McGraw Hill Book
Company Ltd. USA 1992
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/PE-3.1 MACHINE TOOL DESIGN
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
INTRODUCTION
General requirements to machine tools, Machine tool design recommendations,
Classification of motions to shape surface, Machine tool drives for rectilinear motion,
Periodic motion, reversing motion etc.
KINEMATICS OF MACHINE TOOLS,
Kinematics or gearing diagram of Lathe, drilling Machine, Milling Machine etc. Main.
drive and feed drive, principles specification of Machine tool.
DESIGN OF KINEMATICS SCHEME.
Methods to determine transmission ratios for drives,. Development of Kinematics
scheme, minimum of transmission transmission groups, Determination of number of
teeth on gears.
SPEED AND FEED BOXES;
General requirement Design of gear trains, speed boxes types, speed changing
devices Feed boxes characteristics of feed mechanism, types of Rapid traverse
mechanisms, variable devices.
SPINDLE DESIGN AND SPINDLE BEARINGS.
Main requirement, Materials and details of spindle design, Spindle bearings,
bearings, types of bearings and their selections, Bearing Materials BED,
COLUMNS, TABLES AND WAYS;
Materials, typical constructions and design.
MACHINE TOOLS CONTROL SYSTEMS
Requirement of control system selection and construction of control systems
Mechanical control system, predilection control, remote control safety devices.
MACHINE TOOL DYNAMICS
Dynamic performance, dynamic and elastic system of Machine, tools. Dynamics of
cutting forces, tool chatter.
BOOKS:
1, Sen and Bhattacharya, Machine Tools Design., CBS Publishers
2. N.K. Mehta Machine Tool Design, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
3, N. Acherkan Machine Tool Design, Four Volumes,.Mir Publishers.,
5. S.K. Basu and D.K. Pal, Design of machine tools, Oxford and IBH
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.3 TOOL DESIGN
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1.Process Planning:
Product Engineering, Process Engineering, Definition of Process Planning, Contents
of Process Plan, Process Operations, Steps of Process Planning, Process Planning
Sheet, Planning and Tooling for Low Cost Planning.
2.Jigs & Fixture
Principles of jig and fixture design, Principle of degrees of freedoms, methods of
locations and clamping, Various devices for location and clamping, indexing devices,
Hydraulic and pneumatic actuation of clamping devices, jig bushes, use of standard
parts of jig design, type of drilling jigs, milling fixtures, lathe fixture, grinding fixtures
and their classification.
3.Die Design
Components of die design, design of die blocks, punches and strippers, methods of
holding punches, sketches of stock stops, Design procedure for progressive dies,
compound dies and combination dies for press tool operation forging die design for
drop and machine forging parts.
4.Tool Layout for Turrets
Characteristics of Turret lathes. Differences between capstan and turret lathes,
methods of holding jobs on the Turret lathe. Universal chucking equipment, universal
bar equipment, operation sheet and tool layout.
5.Tool Layout for Automatics
Classification of Automatics; Turret type automatic, tool layout procedure, time
required for each operation, operation sheet, tool layout, cam layout.
6.Tooling Costs
Estimating cost of a product, estimating costs of tools, Economics of tooling, Break
even point analysis, minimum cost analysis.
7.Gauges
Limits and fits, Plain Gauges, types of Gauges, fundamentals of Gauge Design,
Gauge makers tolerance, allowance for wear, Practical application of Taylor's
principles of limit gauging, care of Gauges, Limitation of Limit Gauging.
8.Surface Finish
Elements of surface finish, Factors affecting surface finish, Effect of surface quality
on Functional properties of machine parts, Evaluation of surface finish, Indian
Standards on surface finish. Measurement of surface finish, Relationship of surface
finish to the production methods. Finishing operations like honing, lapping, buffing
super finishing etc.
Books Suggested:
1. Cole: Tool Design
2. Donaldson: Tool Design
3. ASTEM: Fundamentals of Tool Design
4. P.C.Sharma: A Textbook of Production Engg., S.Chand Publication,N.Delhi
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/PE-3.2 NETWORK ANALYSIS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction
Characteristics of effective planning, historical background to network charts, where
network charts can be used; the basic essentials; analysis and scheduling;
controlling and introducing PERT & CPM into an organisation.
Elements of a Network
Activities and events; conventions adopted in drawing networks; the graphical
representation of events and activities; identification of activities; fundamental
properties of events and activities; errors in logic;
Drawing the Network
Drawing the network; interfacing; duration times; duration times under uncertainty;
PERT , assigning duration times, numbering the events,listing the events and
activities; drawing arrow diagrams.
Analysing the Networks
Calculating the total project time; isolation of the critical path- earliest and
latest events, time; total float; free and independent float; negative float; use of
different float.
Applications
Application of PERT and CPM; calculation of the load; the problem of optimisation,
smoothing the load; scheduling manual resource allocation.
NOP Networks
Representation of logic in MOP; representation of time-milestone in MOP; analysis of
a MOP network resource allocation; matrix method of expressing and analysis MOP
diagrams.
Introduction to LOB Networks
Where LOB be used; node times LOB chart; LOB life table control using LOB.
Books:
1. CPM in Construction Management O'Brien McGraw-Hill
2. Network Based Management System Archibald & Villaria John Wiley
3. A Programmed Introduction to PERT Federal Elect.Corp. Prentice Hall
4. A Management Guide to PERT/CPM Wiest & Levy Prentice Hall
5. Management by Network Bhattacharya Institution of Engrs
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.4 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Introduction:
General description of the method summary of the analysis procedure
2. Discretisation of the domain:
Type of elements, location of nodes, number of elements, simplification on offered by
physical configuration of body, node numbering scheme.
iii. One & Two Dimensional Problems: Introduction, coordinates and
shape functions, Potential energy approach, Galerkin Approach, Assembly of the
global stiffness matrix and load vector , FEM equations and treatment of boundary
conditions, quadratic shape functions, Two dimensional problems using constant
strain triangles
4 Axisymmetric solids subjected to axisymmetric loadings: Axisymmetric formulation,
FEM using triangular element, problem using boundary conditions
5. Static analysis:
Plain and three Dimensional Trusses, Assembly of global matrix for the banded and
skyline solutions, Beams and frames in various different conditions.
6. Dynamic Analysis:
Dynamic equation of motion, consistent mass matrix for truss element frame element
and triangular plate element, evaluation of eigen values and eigen vectors
7. Solution of finite element equations:
Direct integration methods, central difference method, Houbolt method, Wilson
method, Newmark method, mode superposition method,
BOOKS:
1. Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis, Bathe , Prentice Hall of India
2. Introduction to Finite Element in Engineering by Chandrupatla and Belegundu
from Prentice Hall of India
3. Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis by Cook from John wiley
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.5 EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. Basic elasticity: Laws of stress transformation, principal stresses and principal
planes. Cauchy's stress quadric strain analysis, strain equations of transformation,
Cauchy's strain quadric, stress, strain relationship
2. Two Dimensional photoelasticity: Stress optics law, Optics of polarisation plane
and circular polariscope, dark and light field arrangements, fringe multiplication,
fringe sharp ending, compensation techniques, commonly employed photo elastic
materials
3. Dimensional photoelasticity; Neuman's strain optic relationship, stress freezing in
model materials for three dimensional photoelasticity, shear difference method for
stress separation.
4 Birefringence coatings: sensitivity, reinforcing effects, thickness of birefringence
coatings.
5 Electric resistance strain gauges; Gauge construction and installation, temperature
compensation, gauge sensitivities, gauge factor, corrections for transverse strain
effects, factors affective gauge relation, rosetters Rosetre analysis, potentiometer
and whetstone's bridge circuits for strain measurements.
6 Brittle coatings: Introduction, coating stresses and failure theories, different types of
crack patterns, crack detection composition of brittle coatings, coating cure, influence
of atmospheric conditions, effects of biaxial stress field.
Books
1. Experimental Stress Analysis by Dally and Rilley; McGraw Hill
2. Experimental Stress Analysis and Motion Measurement by Dow and Adams,
Prentice Hall
3. Introduction to Photo Mechanics by Durelly and Riley, Prentice Hall
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.6 INDUSTRIAL TRIBOLOGY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction Tribological considerations ;Nature of surfaces and their contact; Physicmechanical
properties of surface layer
Geometrical properties of surfaces, methods of studying surfaces; Study of contract
of smoothly and rough surfaces.
Friction and wear: Role of friction and laws of static friction, causes of friction ,
adhesion theory, Laws of rolling friction ; Friction of metals and non-metals; Friction
measurements.
Definition of wear, mechanism of wear, friction affecting wear, wear measurement;
Wear of metals and non-metals.
Lubrication and lubricants: Introduction, dry friction; Boundary lubrication; classic
hydrodynamics, hydrostatic and elasto hydrodynamic lubrication, Functions of
lubricants, Types of lubricants and their industrial uses; properties of liquid and
grease lubricants; lubricant additives , general properties and selection.
Special Topics: Selection of bearing and lubricant; bearing maintenance, diagnostic
maintenance of tribological components; lubrication systems; Filters and filtration.
BOOKS:
1. Standard Hand Book of Lubrication Engg., O'Conner and Royle, McGraw Hills Co
2. Introduction to Tribology, Halling , Wykeham Publications Ltd.
3. Lubrication , Raymono O. Gunther; Bailey Bros & Swinfan Ltd.
4. Rearing Systems, Principles and Practice, PT Barwll
5. Basic Lubrication Theory, A Cameron (Indian Edition)
6. Tribology Hand Book, Michel Ncole
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.7 THEORY OF PLASTICITY
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction to Plasticity: Idealized stress-strain systems, approximate equation for
stress strain curves (Ramberg-Osgood, Ludwig’s and Karunes equations),
Bauschinger effect-yield locus, yield surface,
Yield Criteria and Flow Rules: Tresca theory & Von-Mises yield criterion, their
geometrical representation, experimental evidence for the criteria.
Slip Line Field Theory: Two-dimensional plasticity, slip lines, basic equations,
Hencjy’s first theorem, Geiringer’s Velocity equation. Applications of slip line field
theory to plane strain problems.
Load Bounding: The lower bound theorem, the upper bound theorem and their
corollaries. Application of load bounding to plane strain problems.
Books
1. Plasticity for mechanical Engineers Johanson and Miller Van Nostrand
2. Engg Plasticity Calladina Pergmean Press
PTU/BOS/ME/101/10-06-2005/BATCH-2003
DE/ME-3.8 MECHATRONICS
Internal Marks: 40 L T P
External Marks: 60 3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
10. INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS: Definition and approach of
Mechatronics, Measurement and Control Systems, Microprocessor based
controllers and Mechatronics Approach
11. SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS: Performance Terminology, Displacement,
velocity, Position, Proximity, force, fluid pressure, liquid level, temperature,
light sensors, procedure for selection
12. SIGNAL CONDITIONING: Op Amp, Protection, digital signals, Multiplexes
and digital signal processing, pulse modulation
13. PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS: Actuation systems, Directions,
pressure and process control valve, Pneumatic and hydraulic systems
14. ELECTRICAL ACTUATION SYSTEM: Mechanical Switches, Solid State
Switches, Solenoid, DC/AC Motors, Stepper Motors
15. MICROPROCESSOR AND ITS APPLICATION: Architecture of Microprocssor
8085, Instruction set, Embedding a microprocessor into a Mechatronics
system
16. MICROPROCESSOR BASED PROJECT: Assemble a suitable system using
microprocessor kit for its control
Books
iv) Mechatronics: W. Bolton
v) Microprocessors : Rafiquzzaman
vi) Real time computer controls: S. Boennett.
vii) Automatic Control Systems Benjamin C. Kuo, Prentice Hall , New Delhi